Surgical management of deficient alveolar ridges by means of guided bone regeneration in oral implantology: A case series

Brijesh Byrappa; Narahari Ranganatha; Anupama Aradya; S Rohit; Naqoosh Haidry; N Sanjeev

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6nS8.12993

Authors

Brijesh Byrappa Dental Surgeon and Implantologist, Dental Experts - A Super Speciality Dental Clinic, Bangalore, India
Narahari Ranganatha Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Reader, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, India
Anupama Aradya Prosthodontist, Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, A Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
Rohit S Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, India
Naqoosh Haidry Assistant Professor, Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
Sanjeev N Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, India

Keywords:

autografts, deficient alveolar ridge, CBCT, combination grafts, guided bone regeneration

Abstract

Dimensional changes in the alveolar ridge after extraction often compromises on achieving optimal implant stability and placement of implants in the right prosthodontic positions. These situations demand augmentation of the residual ridge to achieve successful implant placement and long-term survival. A minimum amount of bone width and height is essential for the successful placement of implants. Unfavourable local conditions, due to atrophy, trauma and periodontal disease, may provide insufficient bone volume or an unfavourable interarch relationship, which does not allow correct and a prosthodontically guided positioning of dental implants. Guided bone regeneration, ridge splitting, block graft, or distraction osteogenesis have all been applied for this purpose and have shown some promising results. Nonetheless, autogenous block graft remains one of the main methods for reconstructing severely resorbed maxilla. These block grafts can be harvested from intraoral or extraoral sites. Significant amounts of autogenous bone can be procured from symphysis or ramus region of the mandible. The cortical grafts of this area provide predictable increase in bone volume with a short healing time and yield a highly dense osseous architecture for implant placement.This review discusses the use of autogenous block grafts and bovine bone allograft for predictable bone augmentation in atrophic ridges.

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