Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of recurrent pneumonia in children
A systematic review and meta-analysis study
Keywords:
vitamin D supplementation, recurrent pneumonia, pneumonia, childrenAbstract
Recurrent pneumonia may develop into severe pneumonia. Many evidences showing that vitamin D supplementation can reduce the risk of pneumonia, but the results are not yet definitive. We aim to investigate and determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of recurrent pneumonia in children. Data sources published were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, and clinicaltrial.gov up to December 2021. This review included the Randomized controlled trials (RCT) study which compare vitamin D supplementation with placebo and/or non-intervention in children with pneumonia under 18-years-old. We used Risk of Bias (RoB) 2 tools to assessed the risk of bias. The results are combined with a random effect or fixed-effect model, and sensitivity analysis was conducted to explore potential factors. Seven RCT studies with a total of 1852 participants met the eligibility criteria. There was a positive correlation between vitamin D supplementation and the incidence of recurrent pneumonia (RR 0.59; 95% Confidence Interval 0.40 – 0.89), with a combined effect of 2.52. The heterogeneity test was 77%. The results were statistically significant with a p-value of 0.01. Vitamin D supplementation may reduce the incidence of recurrent pneumonia in children and be considered an additional therapy.
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