The Israeli Arabic-speaking Facebook pages and its effects on the elements of Palestinian national identity

Ihab Ahmed Awais; Norhayati Rafida Abdul Rahim; Abeer Z. Alhossary; Z Ab Rahman

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6nS4.11337

Authors

Ihab Ahmed Awais
Ihab@usim.edu.my
Communication Program, Faculty Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
Norhayati Rafida Abdul Rahim Communication Program, Faculty Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
Abeer Z. Alhossary PhD candidate of Applied Linguistics at University Putra Malaysia & a lecturer at the University College of Applied Science
Ab Rahman, Z Research Centre for Theology & Philosophy, Faculty of Islamic Studies UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Keywords:

Facebook, national identity, Israeli social media, media effects, news framing

Abstract

The Palestinian cause is enduring some critical phases in the history of conflict against the Zionist occupation state. A vast segment of our people is vulnerable to Zionist attempts by the Zionist intelligence that target the Palestinians' national identity done by media technology specialists, and psychological tactics through social media are used to gradually remove the national identity of the Palestinians and replace it with a bogus one. Israel nowadays employs social media and frames its messages to target all the five components of the Palestinian national identity: the right of return, the right of resistance, the Arab and Islamic dimension, the Islamic and cultural heritage, and the sovereignty of the State its borders. This paper analyzed the Israeli Arabic formal social pages, namely the coordinator, Avichay Adraee, Avichay Adraee, and Israel in Arabic. The aim is to understand the media and psychological tactics used to contact the Palestinian audience. the study found precise results that the Israeli social pages run by a clear strategy to attract the Arab and Palestinian followers and framed its media messages to attack the Palestinian national identity.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abu Amer, Adnan. 2018. The ideology of the Israeli Media in Covering the Palestinian Issue, Al Jazeera Center for Studies.

Al-Qalqili, Abdul Fattah and Abu Ghoush, Ahmed. 2012. The Palestinian National Identity, the Formality Privacy, and Organizer Framework. Badil: Palestinian Center for the Palestinian residency and refugee rights.

Al-Rafati, Ayman. (2018). The "Arabic" Zionist Pages, an attempt to improve the occupation's image. basaer-online. (Entry date: March 2020): shorturl.at/bqS56.

Arno, A., & Dissanayake, W. (1984). The News media in national and international conflict. Boulder: Westview Press.

Awais, Ihab. (2019). The Conceptual Development of the Palestinian National Identity. Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 24, Issue 11, Series. 7 (November. 2019) 69-79.

Bey, Ahlem. Media framing theory, media theories, and communication, (entry date: March 22, 2020: http://constantine3.blogspot.com/2014/01/frame-analysis-theory.html

Black J. Braynt, Thompon J.S., "Introduction to Media Communication," New York, McGraw Companies Inc, 5th Eds (1998): p30 .0.

Cappella, J. N. and Jamieson, K. H. (1997). Spiral of cynicism. The press and the public good. New York: Oxford University Press.

Chong D, Druckman JN. 2007. A theory of framing and opinion formation in competitive elite environments. J. Commun. In press.

De Beer, Arnold S., and John C. Merrill (eds) (2004) Global Journalism: Topical Issues and Media Systems. Boston, MA: Pearson.

De Vreese, Claes. (2005). News Framing: Theory and Typology. Information Design Journal. 13. 51-62. 10.1075/idjdd.13.1.06vre.

Douglas, S. (1995). The framing of race progressive. 59 (12),19.

Eid, Basem, "Crossfire in Words: Covering the Palestinian and Israeli Media for the Intifada," Al-Raqeeb Magazine, Jerusalem, 2001, p. 28.

Eilders, Christiane. (2000). Media as political actors? Issue focusing and selective emphasis in the German quality press. German Politics. 9. 181-206. 10.1080/09644000008404613.

Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51-58.

Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Towards clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43, 51_58.

Gamson, W. A. And Modigliani, A. (1989). Media discourse and public opinion on nuclear power: A constructionist approach. American Journal of Sociology, 95,1_37.

Gitlin, T. (1980) The Whole World Is Watching Mass Media in the Making and Unmaking of the New Left. University of California Press, Berkeley.

Gitlin, T. (1980). The whole world is watching Mass media in the making and unmaking of the new left. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Goffman, Erving (1974). Frame Analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Graber, D. (1993). Mass media and American politics. Washington, DC: C.Q. Press.

Haynes, C., Merolla, J., & Ramakrishnan, S. (2016). Framing Immigrants: News Coverage, Public Opinion, and Policy. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Retrieved March 23, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/10.7758/9781610448604

Hepsiba, N., Subhashini, A., Raju, M., & Rao, Y. P. (2018). Changing role of teachers in the present society. International Journal of Health & Medical Sciences, 1(1), 35-38. https://doi.org/10.31295/ijhms.v1n1.37

Irons, Imad Hassan, Mr. Laila Hussein, Communication and contemporary theories, the house of the Egyptian Lebanese (Cairo, 2002), p (34 8 - 350).

Iyengar, S. (1991). Is anyone responsible? How television frames political issues. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Kabha, Mustafa, "The Hebrew Media and Its Role in the Intifada," Israeli Issues, Issue 4, October 2001, p. 120.

Laurent Ucker, Ernie Wiggin, "Making Connections: Framing as a Discursive Strategy of Realer Response to Newspaper Coverage of Allusion Wedding," (Paper presented to the Inaugural Conference for the Center of Mass Communication Research), University of South. October 14, 1997: p 3.

Lifen Cheng, Juan José Igartua, Elena Palacios, Tania Acosta, and Socorro Palito, Framing Immigration News in Spanish Regional Press, International Migration, 52, 6, (197-215), (2010).

Mansour, Johnny, "Selective Conventionalism in the Hebrew Newspapers," Israeli Issues, Issue 9, January 2003, p. 88.

Mark Miller, Bonnie P. Riechert, "Concept Mapping and Framing Analysis of News: Linking Traditional Conceptualization to New .01 Quantitative Method" (Paper presented to the Inaugural Conference for the Center of Mass Communication Research) University of South. October 12 - 14, (1997): p3.

McQuail, D. (1994). Mass communication theory: An introduction. London: Sage Publications.

Neirab, Basil, "The Israeli Media: Realistic Models to Cover Up Political Crises, The Global Campaign to Resist Aggression, December 27, 2010, (Entry Date: March 2020): http://ar.qawim.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=7681

Neuman, W. R., Just, M. R., & Crigler, A. N. (1992). Common knowledge. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Nidal Fuqaha, (2003). Israeli Media Priorities, The Journal of Israeli Scene, Issue 25.

Olga Baysha Omega and Kirk Hallahan Colorado, Media Framing of the Mkrainian Political Crisis 2000-2001, Journalism Studies, vol. 5, No. 2, 2004, pp. 233-246.

Pan, Z. and Kosicki, G. M. (1993). Framing analysis: An approach to news discourse. Political Communication, 10, 55_75.

Price, V., Tewksbury, D., and Powers, E. (1997). Switching trains of thought: The impact of news frames on reader's cognitive responses. Communication Research, 24, 481_506.

Reese, O. H. Gandy, and A. E. Grant (Eds.) Framing public life. Perspectives on media and our understanding of the social world (pp. 95_106). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Reese, S. D. (2001). Prologue _ Framing public life: A bridging model for media research. In S. D. Reese, O. H. Gandy, and A. E. Grant (Eds.), Framing public life. Perspectives on media and our understanding of the social world (pp. 7_31). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Rose, Max, and Frank R. Baumgartner. "Framing the poor: media coverage and U.S. poverty policy, 1960-2008." Policy Studies Journal, vol. 41, no. 1, 2013, p. 22+. Gale Academic OneFile, Accessed March 23, 2020.

Scheufele, B. (1999a). (Visual) Media Framing und Politik. Zur Brauchbarkeit des Framing-Ansatzes im Kontext (visuell) vermittelter politischer Kommunikation und Meinungsbildung. In W. Hofmann (Ed.), Die Sichtbarkeit der Macht. Theoretische und empirische Untersuchungen zur visuellen Politik (pp. 91_107). Baden-Baden: Nomos.

Scheufele, D. A., & Tewksbury, D. (2007). Framing, agenda-setting, and priming: The evolution of three media effects models. Journal of Communication, 57 (1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-9916.2007.00326.x

Semetko, H. A., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2000). Framing European politics: A content analysis of press and television news. Journal of Communication, 50(2), 93–109.

Shah, D. V., Domke, D., and Wackman, D. B. (1996). 'To thine own self be true.' Values, framing, and voter decision-making strategies. Communication Research,23, 509_560.

Shah, D., Watts, M. D., Domke, D., & Fan, D. (2002). News framing and cueing of issue regimes. Explaining Clinton's public approval despite the scandal. Public Opinion Quarterly, 66, 339–370.

Snow, D. A. And Benford, R. D. (1988). Ideology, frame resonance, and participant mobilization. International Social Movement Research, 1, 197_217.

Stefaan Walgrave, Peter Van Aelst, The Contingency of the Mass Media's Political Agenda Setting Power: Toward a Preliminary Theory, Journal of Communication, Volume 56, Issue 1, March 2006, Pages 88–109, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00005.x

Taher, Moaz, "How did the Israeli media follow the assassination of Mazen Fuqaha?" Shehab Agency, March 25, 2017 (entry date: March 2020): goo.gl/aQydHJ.

Tankard, J. W. (2001). The empirical approach to the study of media framing. In S. D.

Widana, I.K., Sumetri, N.W., Sutapa, I.K., Suryasa, W. (2021). Anthropometric measures for better cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 29(3), 550–561. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.22202

William A. Gamson, "Talking Politics," New York, Cambridge University Press, (1992.

Williams, B., & Delli Carpini, M. (2011). After Broadcast News: Media Regimes, Democracy, and the New Information Environment (Communication, Society and Politics). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511846366.

Yehudith Auerbach, Yaeli Bloch- Elkon, " the Media Framing and Foreign Policy: The Elite Press Visavis … U.S. Policy in Bosnia, 1992-1995". Journal Of Peace Research, (2005): 42 (1), P 83-99.