Assessment of the prevalence of early childhood caries and associated risk factors in preschool children in Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India: A cross sectional study

Kanithi Saujanya; Bygani Supraja Kumari; Saigeeta Kondamadugu; Nivedhita Nivedhita; P. Jayavardhini; Tanakanti Praveen

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6nS5.11352

Authors

Kanithi Saujanya Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics Govt Dental College & Hospital, Kadapa.
Bygani Supraja Kumari
suprajabygani89@gmail.com
Assistant Professor, Department of Oralpathology and microbiology, Govt Dental College & Hospital, Kadapa
Saigeeta Kondamadugu Senior Lecturer, Department of pedodontics, Army college of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad
Nivedhita A.T, Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Thaimoogambhighai Dental College And Hospital
P. Jayavardhini Senior lecturer, Department of Oral pathology, CKS Teja dental College
Tanakanti Praveen MDS, Private Practioner, PJ Dental care

Keywords:

caries prevalence, decayed missing and filled teeth, early childhood caries

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this cross‑sectional study is to investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of early childhood caries (ECC) in preschool children of district Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods: A total sample of 2859 children aged between 2 and 6 years were selected from Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India. The status of dental caries and decayed missing and filled teeth (DMFT) score was recorded. Results: ECC increased significantly with age. Boys had significantly higher caries prevalence and mean DMFT score as compared to girls. Children who belonged to low socioeconomic group showed higher caries prevalence and mean DMFT score. Children aged 3–6 years who brushed their teeth twice daily had the least prevalence of dental caries as well as DMFT score when compared to children with one time and no brushing. Conclusion: The early identification of poor oral hygiene and improper feeding habits should be considered in preventive health promotion in low socioeconomic communities of Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Acs G, Shulman R, Ng MW, Chussid S. The effect of dental rehabilitation on the body weight of children with early childhood caries. Pediatr Dent 1999;21:109-13.

Al-Meedani LA, Al-Dlaigan YH. Prevalence of dental caries and associated social risk factors among preschool children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Pak J Med Sci 2016;32:452-6.

Al-Samadani KH, Ahmad MS, Bakeer HA, Elanbya MO. Oral health knowledge and practice among 9–12 yearold schoolchildren in the region of Madinah, Saudi Arabia, and its impact on the prevalence of dental caries. Eur J Gen Dent 2017;6:54-8.

Avila WM, Pordeus IA, Paiva SM, Martins CC. Breast and bottle feeding as risk factors for dental caries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2015;10:e0142922.

Babo Soares LF, Allen P, Bettiol S, Crocombe L. The association of socioeconomic status and dental caries experience in children in Dili, Timor-Leste. Asia Pac J Public Health 2016;28:620-8.

Berkowitz RJ, Amante A, Kopycka-Kedzierawski DT, Billings RJ, Feng C. Dental caries recurrence following clinical treatment for severe early childhood caries. Pediatr Dent 2011;33:510-4.

Drury TF, Horowitz AM, Ismail AI, Maertens MP, Rozier RG, Selwitz RH. Diagnosing and reporting early childhood caries for research purposes. A report of a workshop sponsored by the national institute of dental and craniofacial research, the health resources and services administration, and the health care financing administration. J Public Health Dent 1999;59:192-7.

Ferraro M, Vieira AR. Explaining gender differences in caries: A multifactorial approach to a multifactorial disease. Int J Dent 2010;2010:649-643.

Gao X, Di Wu I, Lo EC, Chu CH, Hsu CY, Wong MC, et al. Validity of caries risk assessment programmes in preschool children. J Dent 2013;41:787-95.

Goel P, Sequeira P, Peter S. Prevalence of dental disease amongst 5-6 and 12-13 year old school children of Puttur municipality, Karnataka state-India. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2000;18:11-7.

Hallett KB, O’Rourke PK. Social and behavioural determinants

Irigoyen ME, Luengas IF, Yashine A. Dental caries experiences in Mexican schoolchildren from rural and urban communities. Int Dent J 2000;5091:41-5.

Jose B, King NM. Early childhood caries lesions in preschool children in Kerala, India. Pediatr Dent 2003;25:594-600.

Kalayni P, Govindranjan PK. A study on dental problems among adults in Tamil Nadu. Med 2004;3:1-61.

Mohammadi TM, Kay EJ, Hajizamani A. Relation between past and present dietary sugar intake and dental caries in a high caries population. J Dent Tehran Univ Med Sci Tehran Iran 2008;5:59-64.

Niji R, Arita K, Abe Y, Lucas ME, Nishino M, Mitome M, et al. Maternal age at birth and other risk factors in early childhood caries. Pediatr Dent 2010;32:493-8.

Olatosi OO, Sote EO. Association of early childhood caries with breastfeeding and bottle feeding in Southwestern Nigerian children of preschool age. J West Afr Coll Surg 2014;4:31-53.

Panwar NK, Mohan A, Arora R, Gupta A, Marya CM, Dhingra S, et al. Study on relationship between the nutritional status and dental caries in 8-12 year old children of Udaipur city, India. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2014;12:26-31.

Parasuraman G, Krishna YG, Kaviya M, Jain NA, Rajendiran P, Dutta R. A study on the prevalence of dental caries among the school going children in Tamil Nadu. Int J Community Med Public Health 2017;10:3582-89.

Perinetti G, Varvara G, Esposito P. Prevalence of dental caries in schoolchildren living in rural and urban areas: Results from the first region-wide Italian survey. Oral Health Prev Dent 2006;4:199-207.

Popoola BO, Denloye OO, Iyun OI. Influence of parental socioeconomic status on caries prevalence among children seen at the university college hospital, Ibadan. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 2013;11:81-6.

Prakash P, Subramaniam P, Durgesh BH, Konde S. Prevalence of early childhood caries and associated risk factors in preschool children of urban Bangalore, India: A cross-sectional study. Eur J Dent 2012;6:141-52.

Rai B, Jain R, Duhan J, Anand S. Relationship between dental caries and oral hygiene status of 8 To 12 year old school children. Int J Epidemiol 2006;4:1-4.

Ramos-Gomas F. Disease management of early childhood caries. ECC collaborative project. Int J Dent 2014; p. 1-10.

Saldūnaitė K, Bendoraitienė EA, Slabšinskienė E, Vasiliauskienė I, Andruškevičienė V, Zūbienė J, et al. The role of parental education and socioeconomic status in dental caries prevention among Lithuanian children. Medicina (Kaunas) 2014;50:156-61.

Saravanan S, Kalyani V, Vijayarani MP, Jayakodi P, Felix J, Arunmozhi P, et al. Caries prevalence and treatment needs of rural school children in Chidambaram Taluk, Tamil Nadu, South India. Indian J Dent Res 2008;19:186-90.

Silva RH, Castro RF, Cunha DC, Almeida CT, Bastos JR, Camargo LM, et al. Dental caries in a riverine community in Rondônia state, Amazon region, Brazil, 2005-2006. Cad Saude Publica 2008;24:2347-53.

Soroye MO, Braimoh BO. Oral health practices and associated caries experience among secondary school students in Lagos State, Nigeria. J Oral Res Rev 2017;9:16-20.

Srisilapanan P, Nirunsittirat A, Roseman J. Trends over time in dental caries status in urban and rural Thai children. J Clin Exp Dent 2017;9:e1201-6.

Stephen A, Krishnan R, Ramesh M, Kumar VS. Prevalence of early childhood caries and its risk factors in 18-72 month old children in Salem, Tamil Nadu. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2015;5:95-102.

Subramaniam P, Prashanth P. Prevalence of early childhood caries in 8 – 48 month old preschool children of Bangalore city, south india. Contemp Clin Dent 2012;3:15-21.

Tanaka K, Miyake Y. Low birth weight, preterm birth or small-for-gestational-age are not associated with dental caries in young Japanese children. BMC Oral Health 2014;14:38.

Tiberia MJ, Milnes AR, Feigal RJ, Morley KR, Richardson DS, Croft WG, et al. Risk factors for early childhood caries in Canadian preschool children seeking care. Pediatr Dent 2007;29:201-8.

Tyagi P. The prevalence and pattern of dental caries in pre-school children people’s. J Sci Res 2009;2:1-4.

Veiga N. Prevalence and determinants of dental caries in a sample of schoolchildren of Sátão, Portugal. Rev Port Estomotol Med Dent Circ Maxilofac 2014;55:214-9.

Wellappuli N, Amarasena N. Influence of family structure on dental caries experience of preschool children in Sri Lanka. Caries Res 2012;46:208-12.

Widana, I.K., Sumetri, N.W., Sutapa, I.K., Suryasa, W. (2021). Anthropometric measures for better cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 29(3), 550–561. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.22202

Wigen TI, Wang NJ. Maternal health and lifestyle, and caries experience in preschool children. A longitudinal study from pregnancy to age 5 yr. Eur J Oral Sci 2011;119:463-8.