Incidence and outcome of mucormycosis in diabetic patients with COVID-19
Keywords:
mucormycosis, diabetes, COVID-19, fungal infectionAbstract
Aims and objectives: Diabetes Mellitus predisposes patients to invasive fungal infections. Aim of this study is to find out the incidence and outcome of Mucormycosis in diabetic patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methodology: A Retrospective study of 150 patients with COVID-19 who were admitted in VMKVMCH COVID-19 Ward, Salem from May 2021 to July 2021 was included in the study. Results: Among 150 hospitalized patients with COVID 19 infection, 32 patients had CAM with an incidence of 3.36%. In patients with CAM, 87.5% had Diabetes Mellitus as the most common co-morbidity. The majority of the patients had poor glycemic control with a mean HbA1c of 9.06%. Out of the total study population, 93% had prior exposure to high dose corticosteroids. During the study period, 12.5% patients of CAM did not survive. Conclusion: Mucormycosis is an angioinvasive fungal infection with high mortality. The disease has surged in COVID 19 pandemic due to uncontrolled diabetes and improper corticosteroid use.
Downloads
References
A. Chakrabarti, P. Sood DWD. Estimating fungal infection burden in India using computational models: mucormycosis burden as a case study. ESCMID. 2021.
Al-Obaidi M, Youssefi B, Bardwell J, Bouzigard R, Le CH, Zangeneh TT. A comparative analysis of mucormycosis in immunosuppressed hosts including patients with uncontrolled diabetes in the Southwest United States. Am J Med. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.04.008.
Avatef Fazeli M, Rezaei L, Javadirad E, Iranfar K, Khosravi A, Amini Saman J, Poursabbagh P, Ghadami MR, Parandin MM, Dehghani A, Ahmadi Jouybari T, Mahdavian B, Eivazi N, Rezaei S, Rezaei A, Emami B, Haqgou M, Bozorgomid A, Sayad B. Increased incidence of rhino-orbital mucormycosis in an educational therapeutic hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic in western Iran: An observational study. Mycoses. 2021 Jul 12. doi: 10.1111/myc.13351. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34252988.
Chander J, Kaur M, Singla N, Punia RPS, Singhal SK, Attri AK, et al. Mucormycosis: battle with the deadly enemy over a five-year period in India. J Fungi. 2018. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4020046.
Giri M, Puri A, Wang T, Guo S. Comparison of clinical manifestations, pre-existing comorbidities, complications and treatment modalities in severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Sci Prog. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504211000906.
Hartnett KP, Jackson BR, Perkins KM, Glowicz J, Kerins JL, Black SR, et al. A guide to investigating suspected outbreaks of mucormycosis in healthcare. J Fungi. 2019;5:69. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof5030069.
Intriago, C. Z., & Posligua, T. I. Q. (2020). Telecommunications and virtualization in times of pandemic: impact on the electrical engineering career. International Journal of Physical Sciences and Engineering, 4(3), 38–44. https://doi.org/10.29332/ijpse.v4n3.630
Jeong W, Keighley C, Wolfe R, Lee WL, Slavin MA, Kong DCM, et al. The epidemiology and clinical manifestations of mucormycosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case reports. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019;25:26–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2018.07.011.
Koehler P, Bassetti M, Chakrabarti A, Chen SCA, Colombo AL, Hoenigl M, et al. Defining and managing COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis: the 2020 ECMM/ISHAM consensus criteria for research and clinical guidance. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30847-1.
Moorthy A, Gaikwad R, Krishna S, Hegde R, Tripathi KK, Kale PG, Rao PS, Haldipur D, Bonanthaya K. SARS-CoV-2, Uncontrolled Diabetes and Corticosteroids-An Unholy Trinity in Invasive Fungal Infections of the Maxillofacial Region? A Retrospective, Multi-centric Analysis. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2021 Mar 6:1-8. doi: 10.1007/s12663-021-01532-1. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33716414; PMCID: PMC7936599.
Prakash H, Chakrabarti A. Epidemiology of mucormycosis in India. Microorganisms. 2021;9:1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030523.
Prakash H, Ghosh AK, Rudramurthy SM, Singh P, Xess I, Savio J, et al. A prospective multicenter study on mucormycosis in India: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Med Mycol. 2019;57:395–402. https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myy060.
Rammaert B, Lanternier F, Poirée S, Kania R, Lortholary O. Diabetes and mucormycosis: a complex interplay. Diabetes Metab. 2012 Jun;38(3):193-204. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2012.01.002. Epub 2012 Mar 3. PMID: 22386924.
Ravani SA, Agrawal GA, Leuva PA, Modi PH, Amin KD. Rise of the phoenix: Mucormycosis in COVID-19 times. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2021;69:1563–8. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijo.IJO_310_21.
Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Sah R, Millan-Oñate J, Gonzalez A, Montenegro-Idrogo JJ, Scherger S, et al. COVID-19 associated mucormycosis: the urgent need to reconsider the indiscriminate use of immunosuppressive drugs. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361211027065.
Sharma S, Grover M, Bhargava S, Samdani S, Kataria T. Post coronavirus disease mucormycosis: a deadly addition to the pandemic spectrum. J Laryngol Otol. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215121000992.
Singh AK, Singh R, Joshi SR, Misra A. Mucormycosis in COVID-19: a systematic review of cases reported worldwide and in India. Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2021.05.019.
Suryasa, I. W., Rodríguez-Gámez, M., & Koldoris, T. (2021). The COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Health Sciences, 5(2), vi-ix. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v5n2.2937
Yuliartini, N. P. R., Putra, I. B. W., Atmaja, G. M. W., & Mangku, D. G. S. (2022). The quality of health services during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(2), 627–638. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6n2.7511
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2022 International journal of health sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.
