Human osteoblast and osteoclast stem cell differentiation: A systematic review of biochemical analysis

Intan Zarina Zainol Abidin; Yashvin Kumar; Zaidah Zainal Ariffin; Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6nS7.13100

Authors

Intan Zarina Zainol Abidin
intanzarina@cyberjaya.edu.my
Centre for Research and Graduate Studies, University of Cyberjaya, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Yashvin Kumar Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Zaidah Zainal Ariffin School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Keywords:

Biochemical, Osteoblast, Osteoclast, Stem cell, Differentiation

Abstract

Stem cells are being better understood in today’s research pace of cell biology research and its applications in bone regenerative medicine. However, a vast variety of techniques are available to analyse the differentiation of human osteoblasts and osteoclasts from stem cells. Hence, this review aims to identify and evaluate the biochemical approaches in analysing osteoblast and osteoclast stem cell differentiation using human stem cells. The method used in this study is a systematic review. Four articles were selected from PubMed and Web of Science (WOS) databases based on specific inclusion criteria and following PRISMA guidelines. One main approach was used as the focus point of the review, namely the biochemical (protein and enzyme activity in the cell) approach. This review summarises the findings of all relevant stem cell studies using a biochemical approach in understanding osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. The results show trends in the usage of biochemical approaches to analyse osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation; the most used techniques for quantitative biochemical analyses are ALP and TRAP assays respectively.

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