The effect of self-management intervention on behavioral intention among women passive smokers

Abstract

The number of smokers globally continues to increase every year. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the death rate from smoking has reached 30%, or the equivalent of 17.3 million people, and the figure is predicted to continue to increase until 2030, reaching 23.3 million people. Of this figure, it is estimated that there are at least 8 million deaths caused by cigarette smoke and 1.2 million cases of which are passive smokers. Passive smokers are non-smokers who are exposed to second-hand smoke from active smokers. They suffer from more harmful effects than active smokers. Active smokers inhale cigarettes directly but through a filter in the cigarette, while passive smokers inhale unfiltered smoke plus smoke that has been exhaled out of active smokers’ lungs. Strategic steps are needed to increase knowledge about the dangers of cigarette smoke for passive smokers such as a self-management intervention to raise awareness, increase knowledge, and change attitudes so that in the end a positive behavioral intention is formed to reduce the health risk of cigarette smoke. This is a quasi-experimental study with one group design with pretest and posttest, involving 100 respondents who were selected through purposive sampling.