Phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of genus haplophyllum (Rutaceae)
A review
Keywords:
Haplophyllum, Phytochemicals, Alkaloids, Lignans, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, sterols, amides, NMR, pharmacological activitiesAbstract
The genus Haplophyllum belongs to the large family of flowering plants, Rutaceae. The genus Haplophyllum comprises of about 133 species of low shrubs and perennial herbs in the subtropical and tropical regions of the northern hemisphere of the Old World, markedly in Iran, Turkey and Central Asia. Species from this genus contains a rich sources of secondary metabolites such as quinoline alkaloids, furoquinoline alkaloids, isoquinoline alkaloids, acridone alkaloids, amide alkaloids, quinolone alkaloids, lignans, arylnaphtalene lignans, lignan glycosides, flavonoids, coumarins, saponins, amides and sterols. Extracts and pure compounds isolated from Haplophyllum species have been experimentally shown to have various bioactivities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antiprotozoal, molluscicidal, cytotoxic, anti-cancer and anti-HIV activities. This reviews compile the phytochemical constituents, various pharmacological activities of the different plants of the Haplophyllum genus and the NMR value of different compounds of Haplophyllum genus.
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