Evaluation of cognitive impairement in dementia/depression geriatric patients
Keywords:
neuropsychology, differential diagnosis, depression, MCI, dementiaAbstract
Three-hundred-and-thirty-four cognitive profiles from neuropsychological examinations assessed during a 2-year period from geriatric patients of a day clinic in the U.P were analyzed. For this purpose, the profiles were divided into the following subgroups: (1) Mild Cognitive Impairment, no depression (2) Onset or mild dementia, no depression (3) No cognitive deficit, depression (4) cognitively impaired (MCI, dementia) and depression. Subgroups were be compared using analysis of variance (independent variable IV: diagnostic groups, dependent variable DV: cognitive functions) to reveal specific differences that will allow a differential diagnosis. Post-hoc comparisons and a graphical representation of the cognitive profiles were also investigated. All cognitive profiles with a Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE) score of 25 or more points were selected for analysis if they had complete data from the following testing procedures: MMSE, clock drawing test, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Syndrom-Kurztest (SKT), Nuremberg Aging Inventory (NAI) maze test, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) similarities, Rivermead Be- havioral Memory Test (RBMT) story immediate and delayed.
Downloads
References
Gillis, C.; Mirzaei, F.; Potashman, M.; Ikram, M.A.; Maserejian, N. The incidence of mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and data synthesis. Alzheimer’s Dement. 2019, 11, 248–256.
Cao, Q.; Tan, C.C.; Xu, W.; Hu, H.; Cao, X.P.; Dong, Q.; Tan, L.; Yu, J.T. The Prevalence of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Alzheimers Dis. 2020, 73, 1157–1166. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Andreas, S.; Schulz, H.; Volkert, J.; Dehoust, M.; Sehner, S.; Suling, A.; Ausín, B.; Canuto, A.; Crawford, M.; Da Ronch, C.; et al. Prevalence of mental disorders in elderly people: The European MentDis_ICF65+ study. Br. J. Psychiatry 2017, 210, 125–131. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Deuschl, G.; Maier, W. S3-Leitlinie “Demenzen”. Dtsch. Ges. Neurol. Hrsg. Leitlin. Diagn. Ther. Neurol. 2016. [CrossRef]
Nakamura, S.; Yomota, S.; Ito, H.; Akinaga, N.; Hori, A.; Chinomi, K.; Suzuki, H.; Uchida, K.; Asada, T. A Novel Cognitive Function Scale Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Evaluating Cognitive Dysfunction. J. Alzheimers Dis. 2021, 81, 1579–1588. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Husain, S.F.; Yu, R.; Tang, T.B.; Tam, W.W.; Tran, B.; Quek, T.T.; Hwang, S.H.; Chang, C.W.; Ho, C.S.; Ho, R.C. Validating a functional near-infrared spectroscopy diagnostic paradigm for Major Depressive Disorder. Sci Rep. 2020, 10, 9740. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Folstein, M.F.; Folstein, S.E.; McHugh, P.R. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients fort he clinician. J. Psychiatr. Res. 1975, 12, 189–198. [CrossRef]
Lezak, M.D.; Howieson, D.B.; Loring, D.W.; Hannay, H.J.; Fischer, J.S. Neuropsychological Assessment, 4th ed.; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA, 2004.
Shulman, K.; Gold, D.; Cohen, C.; Zuchhero, C. Clock-drawing and dementia in the community: A longitudinal study. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 1993, 8, 487–496. [CrossRef]
Lee, H.; Swanwick, G.; Coen, R.; Lawlor, B. Use of the clock drawing test in the diagnosis of mild and very mild Alzhiemer‘s disease. Int. Pschogeriatr. 1996, 8, 405–415.
Yesavage, J.A.; Brink, T.L.; Rose, T.L.; Lum, O.; Huang, V.; Adey, M.; Leirer, V.O. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. J. Psychiatr. Res. 1982, 17, 37–49. [CrossRef]
Yesavage, J.A.; Sheikh, J.I. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clin. Gerontol. 1986, 5, 165–173. [CrossRef]
Erzigkeit, H. SKT: Kurztest zur Erfassung von Gedächtnis- und Aufmerksamkeitsstörungen. Manual; Test GmbH: Weinheim, Germany, 1989.
Stemmler, M.; Lehfeld, H.; Horn, R. SKT nach Erzigkeit; SKT Manual Edition 2015; Geromed GmbH: Spardorf, Germany, 2015.
Oswald, W.D.; Fleischmann, U.M. Nürnberger Alters-Inventar (NAI); NAI test manual and text volume; Hogrefe: Göttingen, Germany, 1997.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2021 International journal of health sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.
