Exploring the interplay between kidney health, vitamin D levels, and mineral/bone disorders in chronic kidney disease (CKD)

Mehreen Ismail; Abdul Samad; Syeda Huma Khizar; Aimal Khan; Farid Ullah Shah; Tehreem Shahid

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v7nS1.14208

Authors

Mehreen Ismail Department of Biochemistry, Khyber Medical University
Abdul Samad
drsamad425@gmail.com
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Pak International Medical College
Syeda Huma Khizar Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Khyber Medical University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Kohat
Aimal Khan Assistant professor, Department of Nephrology, Northwest General Hospital
Farid Ullah Shah Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Pak International Medical College, Peshawar
Tehreem Shahid Lecturer, Department of Physiology, Rehman Medical and Dental College, Peshawar

Keywords:

chronic kidney disease, mineral and bone disorders, parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase

Abstract

Introduction: CKD is associated with a number of problems of mineral and bone metabolism, including vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism. The relationships between a lack of vitamin D, circulating indicators of mineral and bone diseases (MBD), and renal function in CKD are not well understood. This cross-sectional research included 1,060 individuals with CKD stages 2 to 5 from the Institute of Kidney Disease (IKD), Peshawar. In addition to other indicators of bone metabolism, we evaluated the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood levels of Calcifediol, calcium, phosphate, and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH). The results of interest were blood calcium, phosphate, and PTH levels as well as other indicators of bone metabolism. These markers also included circulating markers of MBD. Results: Higher blood Parathyroid Hormones levels, in addition to lower levels of blood calcium and phosphate, were all associated with vitamin D deficiency and decreased eGFR. Additionally, vitamin D deficiency has been independently linked to lower levels of other bone metabolism indicators, including tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. In patients with CKD, abnormalities in mineral and bone metabolism, including greater PTH levels and lower calcium and phosphate levels, are independently correlated with reduced eGFR and vitamin D insufficiency.

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