Comparison of foam sclerotherapy and cyanoacrylate glue for preventing the recurrence of varicose veins
Keywords:
Varicose veins, Cyanoacrylate glue, Foam sclerotherapy, Recurrence prevention, Treatment efficacyAbstract
Background: Varicose veins are a common vascular disorder that can cause discomfort and aesthetic concerns. Cyanoacrylate glue and foam sclerotherapy are treatment modalities used to prevent recurrence of varicose veins, but their comparative effectiveness is not well established. Objective: This research compared the effectiveness of foam sclerotherapy and cyanoacrylate glue in preventing varicose vein recurrence. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted from June to December 2022, including 140 participants equally divided into cyanoacrylate glue and foam sclerotherapy groups. Convenience sampling was employed to recruit participants from clinics and hospitals. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical severity, treatment outcomes, and patient satisfaction were collected and analyzed. Results: In comparison to the foam sclerotherapy group, the cyanoacrylate glue group showed considerably lower recurrence rates (10.7% vs. 14.6%), greater symptomatic recovery (88.9% vs. 82.5%), and higher aesthetic satisfaction (95.3% vs. 90.1%). Patient compliance was higher (94.2%) and pain levels were lower (2.3 out of 10) in the cyanoacrylate glue group. Conclusion: Cyanoacrylate glue treatment showed superior efficacy in preventing varicose vein recurrence, improving symptoms, and enhancing patient satisfaction compared to foam sclerotherapy.
Downloads
References
Bootun, R., Lane, T. R., & Davies, A. H. (2016). A comparison of thermal and non-thermal ablation. Reviews in Vascular Medicine, 4, 1-8.
Bootun, R., Onida, S., Lane, T. R., & Davies, A. H. (2022). Varicose veins. Surgery (Oxford).
Davies, H., Darvall, K., & Bradbury, A. W. (2017). Foam sclerotherapy for ablation of the saphenous veins, varicose tributaries, and perforating veins. Handbook of Venous and Lymphatic Disorders, 421-428.
Gao, R. D., Qian, S. Y., Wang, H. H., Liu, Y. S., & Ren, S. Y. (2022). Strategies and challenges in treatment of varicose veins and venous insufficiency. World Journal of Clinical Cases, 10(18), 5946.
Gao, R. D., Qian, S. Y., Wang, H. H., Liu, Y. S., & Ren, S. Y. (2022). Strategies and challenges in treatment of varicose veins and venous insufficiency. World Journal of Clinical Cases, 10(18), 5946.
Gibson, K., Minjarez, R., Gunderson, K., & Ferris, B. (2019). Need for adjunctive procedures following cyanoacrylate closure of incompetent great, small and accessory saphenous veins without the use of postprocedure compression: Three-month data from a postmarket evaluation of the VenaSeal System (the WAVES Study). Phlebology, 34(4), 231-237.
Kemp, N. (2017). A synopsis of current international guidelines and new modalities for the treatment of varicose veins. Australian Family Physician, 46(4), 229-233.
Koramaz, İ., El Kılıç, H., Gökalp, F., Bitargil, M., Bektaş, N., Engin, E., ... & Bozkurt, A. K. (2017). Ablation of the great saphenous vein with nontumescent n-butyl cyanoacrylate versus endovenous laser therapy. Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders, 5(2), 210-215.
Koramaz, İ., El Kılıç, H., Gökalp, F., Bitargil, M., Bektaş, N., Engin, E., ... & Bozkurt, A. K. (2017). Ablation of the great saphenous vein with nontumescent n-butyl cyanoacrylate versus endovenous laser therapy. Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders, 5(2), 210-215.
Kucukguven, A., & A Khalil, R. (2013). Matrix metalloproteinases as potential targets in the venous dilation associated with varicose veins. Current drug targets, 14(3), 287-324.
Lam, Y. L., De Maeseneer, M., Lawson, J., De Borst, G. J., & Boersma, D. (2017). Expert review on the VenaSeal® system for endovenous cyano-acrylate adhesive ablation of incompetent saphenous trunks in patients with varicose veins. Expert review of medical devices, 14(10), 755-762.
McAree, B. J. (2015). Optimisation of minimally invasive therapy for primary varicose veins (Doctoral dissertation, University of Leeds).
Morrison, N., Gibson, K., Vasquez, M., Weiss, R., & Jones, A. (2020). Five-year extension study of patients from a randomized clinical trial (VeClose) comparing cyanoacrylate closure versus radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins. Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders, 8(6), 978-989.
Onida, S., Lane, T. R., Bootun, R., & Davies, A. H. (2019). Varicose veins and their management. Surgery (Oxford), 37(2), 73-80.
Poredos, P., Spirkoska, A., Rucigaj, T., Fareed, J., & Jezovnik, M. K. (2015). Do blood constituents in varicose veins differ from the systemic blood constituents?. European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, 50(2), 250-256.
Prasad BP, K., Joy, B., Toms, A., & Sleeba, T. (2018). Treatment of incompetent perforators in recurrent venous insufficiency with adhesive embolization and sclerotherapy. Phlebology, 33(4), 242-250.
Yavuz, T., Acar, A. N., Aydın, H., & Ekingen, E. (2018). A retrospective study of a new n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate glue ablation catheter incorporated with application guiding light for the treatment of venous insufficiency: twelve-month results. Vascular, 26(5), 547-555.
Yie, K. (2022). Symptom improvement after cyanoacrylate glue adhesion and endovenous laser ablation in low-grade CEAP clinical classes. Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders, 10(2), 360-369.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2023 International journal of health sciences
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.