Evaluation of the role of CD56 cells in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion
Keywords:
Peripheral Natural Killer Cells, Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage, CD56 NK Cells, Flow CytometryAbstract
Objective: To determine whether peripheral natural killer (NK) cells play a role in recurrent miscarriage by evaluating the percentage of these cells using flow cytometry and comparing it with the percentages in normal multiparous women and women who experienced miscarriage only once. Methods: This case-control study was carried out on a total of 108 women. The study participants consisted of two groups of cases: unexplained recurrent miscarriage cases (n=36) and explained recurrent miscarriage cases (n=36). Additionally, a control group of normal multiparous women or women with only one previous miscarriage (n=36) was included. Detailed clinical assessments, laboratory investigations, and flow cytometry analysis were conducted to collect relevant data. Flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of CD56+ NK cells in peripheral blood samples. Results: The mean age of the participants ranged from 26.72 to 28.33 years, with no significant difference among the three groups. Parity showed a statistically significant difference, with a higher proportion of nulliparous women in the unexplained abortion group. The number of previous abortions did not differ significantly between the unexplained and explained groups. Among the causes of abortion, endocrine and immunological factors were prominent.
Downloads
References
Egerup P, Kolte AM, Larsen EC, et al. Recurrent pregnancy loss: what is the impact of consecutive versus non-consecutive losses? Hum Reprod 2016;31(11):2428-2434, doi:10.1093/humrep/dew169
El Hachem H, Crepaux V, May-Panloup P, et al. Recurrent pregnancy loss: current perspectives. Int J Womens Health 2017;9(331-345, doi:10.2147/ijwh.S100817
Novais Nogueira Cardoso RMA, Nogueira Cardoso PLN, Azevedo AP, et al. First-trimester miscarriage: A histopathological classification proposal. Heliyon 2021;7(3):e06359, doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06359
Quenby S, Gallos ID, Dhillon-Smith RK, et al. Miscarriage matters: the epidemiological, physical, psychological, and economic costs of early pregnancy loss. Lancet 2021;397(10285):1658-1667, doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00682-6
Sharma S. Natural killer cells and regulatory T cells in early pregnancy loss. Int J Dev Biol 2014;58(2-4):219-29, doi:10.1387/ijdb.140109ss
Abel AM, Yang C, Thakar MS, et al. Natural Killer Cells: Development, Maturation, and Clinical Utilization. Front Immunol 2018;9(1869, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01869
Merkt W, Sturm P, Lasitschka F, et al. Peripheral blood natural killer cell percentages in granulomatosis with polyangiitis correlate with disease inactivity and stage. Arthritis Res Ther 2015;17(337, doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0851-7
Poli A, Michel T, Thérésine M, et al. CD56bright natural killer (NK) cells: an important NK cell subset. Immunology 2009;126(4):458-65, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2008.03027.x
Melsen JE, Lugthart G, Lankester AC, et al. Human Circulating and Tissue-Resident CD56(bright) Natural Killer Cell Populations. Front Immunol 2016;7(262, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2016.00262
Toth B, Vomstein K, Togawa R, et al. The impact of previous live births on peripheral and uterine natural killer cells in patients with recurrent miscarriage. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2019;17(1):72, doi:10.1186/s12958-019-0514-7
Moffett A, Shreeve N. First do no harm: uterine natural killer (NK) cells in assisted reproduction. Hum Reprod 2015;30(7):1519-25, doi:10.1093/humrep/dev098
Grande M, Borrell A, Garcia-Posada R, et al. The effect of maternal age on chromosomal anomaly rate and spectrum in recurrent miscarriage. Hum Reprod 2012;27(10):3109-17, doi:10.1093/humrep/des251
Ghafourian M, Band NA, Pour AF, et al. The role of CD16+, CD56+, NK (CD16+/CD56+) and B CD20+ cells in the outcome of pregnancy in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Int J Womens Health Reprod Sci 2015;3(61-66
Wold AS, Arici A. Natural killer cells and reproductive failure. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2005;17(3):237-41, doi:10.1097/01.gco.0000169099.98589.5b
Perricone R, De Carolis C, Kröegler B, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in pregnant patients affected with systemic lupus erythematosus and recurrent spontaneous abortion. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008;47(5):646-51, doi:10.1093/rheumatology/ken046
Bingham RJ. Latest Evidence on Alcohol and Pregnancy. Nurs Womens Health 2015;19(4):338-44, doi:10.1111/1751-486x.12219
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2021 International journal of health sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.
