Appendicitis: A medical serious condition - An updated review
Keywords:
appendicitis, diagnosis, imaging, atypical symptoms, perforation, appendectomyAbstract
Background: Appendicitis, an inflammation of the appendix, is a prevalent medical condition with varied clinical presentations. It primarily affects individuals between 5 and 45 years of age, with a higher incidence in males. Although appendicitis is common in Western countries, its rates are increasing in developing regions. Aim: This updated review aims to explore the clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, and risk factors of appendicitis, with a focus on typical and atypical signs, as well as the role of imaging in diagnosis. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, incorporating studies on appendicitis risk factors, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic strategies. Data on clinical presentations, anatomical variations, and the effectiveness of imaging modalities were examined. Results: The review highlights that typical symptoms of appendicitis include migratory pain, anorexia, nausea, and fever, but atypical presentations are common in children, the elderly, and pregnant women. Delayed diagnosis in these groups can lead to complications such as perforation and peritonitis. Diagnostic imaging, including ultrasonography, CT scans, and MRI, plays a crucial role in identifying appendicitis, with CT scans being the gold standard.
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