The role of pharmacogenomics in personalized nursing care: Laboratory techniques and clinical applications
Keywords:
pharmacogenomics, personalized nursing, genetic testing, clinical applications, precision medicine, adverse drug reactionsAbstract
Background: Pharmacogenomics (PGx), the study of genetic variations affecting drug response, is a cornerstone of personalized medicine. It holds immense potential in nursing care by enabling tailored treatment strategies, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and minimizing adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Despite its promise, PGx integration into clinical nursing practice faces challenges such as high costs, limited access to testing, and a knowledge gap among healthcare professionals. Aim: This paper aims to examine the role of pharmacogenomics in advancing personalized nursing care. It focuses on identifying key genetic markers influencing drug response, exploring laboratory techniques employed in PGx testing, and highlighting clinical applications that inform nursing practice. Methods: The study undertakes a systematic literature review from databases like PubMed and Google Scholar, emphasizing pharmacogenetic markers, laboratory methodologies, and nursing applications. Laboratory techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and genotyping are analyzed, alongside clinical case studies to demonstrate the real-world impact of PGx on nursing interventions. Results: Pharmacogenomics significantly improves nursing care by guiding drug selection and dosages through genetic insights. Laboratory techniques identify key markers such as CYP450 polymorphisms, optimizing medication safety and efficacy. Clinical applications show reduced ADRs, improved adherence, and better patient outcomes.
Downloads
References
Johnson, J. A., & Cavallari, L. H. (2018). Pharmacogenetics and cardiovascular disease: Implications for personalized medicine. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, 18(3), 197-207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40256-018-0286-y
McInnes, G., & Cutler, D. J. (2019). Pharmacogenomics and the future of personalized medicine. The Pharmacogenomics Journal, 19(2), 115-120. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41397-019-0074-4
Ginsburg, G. S., & Phillips, K. A. (2018). Precision medicine: From science to value. Health Affairs, 37(5), 694-701. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.1624 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.1624
Wong, W. K., & Li, S. C. (2018). The clinical adoption of pharmacogenetics testing in oncology: Overcoming challenges through technological advancements. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 18(6), 501-511. https://doi.org/10.1080/14737159.2018.1477188
Van Driest, S. L., & Vear, S. I. (2019). Pharmacogenomics in practice: Barriers and solutions in implementing genomic medicine. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 106(1), 32-34. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1400 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1400
Relling, M. V., & Klein, T. E. (2018). CPIC: Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium—Guidelines for integrating pharmacogenetics into clinical care. Pharmacological Reviews, 70(3), 561-590. https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.015768 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.015768
Crews, K. R., & Hicks, J. K. (2019). Interdisciplinary approaches in pharmacogenomics: Challenges and opportunities. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 105(6), 1225-1230. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1309
Zhou, S.-F., Liu, J. P., & Chowbay, B. (2018). Polymorphism of human cytochrome P450 enzymes and its clinical impact. Drug Metabolism Reviews, 50(1), 56–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2018.1448556
PharmGKB Consortium. (2019). Pharmacogenomic biomarkers in drug labels. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 105(2), 372–379. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1315 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1315
Swen, J. J., Wilting, I., & de Goede, A. L. (2018). Pharmacogenetics: From bench to byte—An update of guidelines. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 103(4), 599–606. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.900 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.900
Relling, M. V., & Evans, W. E. (2019). Pharmacogenomics in the clinic. Nature, 526(7573), 343–350. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15817 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15817
Haga, S. B., & O'Daniel, J. M. (2018). Public perspectives on pharmacogenetic testing and integrating testing into health care. Personalized Medicine, 15(6), 499–508. https://doi.org/10.2217/pme-2018-0038
Klein, M. E., Parvez, M. M., & Shin, J. G. (2019). Clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics for personalized precision medicine: Barriers and solutions. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 108(1), 14–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2018.09.019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2018.09.019
McInnes, G., & Cutler, D. J. (2019). Pharmacogenomics and the future of personalized medicine. The Pharmacogenomics Journal, 19(2), 115–120. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41397-019-0074-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41397-019-0074-4
Crews, K. R., & Hicks, J. K. (2019). Interdisciplinary approaches in pharmacogenomics: Challenges and opportunities. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 105(6), 1225–1230. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1309
Scott, S. A., & Sangkuhl, K. (2018). Clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium (CPIC) guidelines for CYP2C19 and clopidogrel therapy. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 94(3), 317–323. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1016
Wong, W. K., & Li, S. C. (2018). The clinical adoption of pharmacogenetics testing in oncology: Overcoming challenges through technological advancements. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 18(6), 501–511. https://doi.org/10.1080/14737159.2018.1477188
Lauschke, V. M., & Ingelman-Sundberg, M. (2019). Emerging strategies to bridge the gap between pharmacogenomics and precision medicine. Human Genetics, 138(2), 103–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-019-02012-6
Zubor, P., Gondova, A., & Kajo, K. (2018). The potential of next-generation sequencing in oncological diagnostics and its implementation into daily practice. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, 122, 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.10.008
Santos, R. E., & Lima, A. H. (2019). The role of SLCO1B1 polymorphisms in statin-induced myopathy: A clinical perspective. Pharmacogenomics Journal, 19(3), 227–236. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41397-019-0082-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41397-019-0082-4
Perez, E. A., & Cortés, J. (2019). HER2-positive breast cancer: The evolving role of HER2-targeted therapies. Oncologist, 24(6), 667–678. https://doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0025
Mok, T. S., & Wu, Y. L. (2019). Biomarkers in precision medicine for lung cancer. Journal of Thoracic Oncology, 14(6), 920–932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2019.03.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2019.03.002
Al-Eitan, L. N., & Rababa’h, D. M. (2018). Pharmacogenetics in warfarin therapy: CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphisms. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 43(4), 510–520. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpt.12676 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9120578
Stark, Z., & Boughtwood, T. (2019). Implementing genomics in healthcare: A vision for the future. Medical Journal of Australia, 210(6), 245–248. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.12023
Dunnenberger, H. M., & Crews, K. R. (2019). Challenges in integrating pharmacogenomics into clinical practice. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C, 181(1), 46–52. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.c.31693 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.c.31693
Abrahams, E., & Silver, M. (2018). Advancing pharmacogenomics and its clinical implementation through public-private partnerships. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 17(8), 547–548. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd.2018.131
Caudle, K. E., Dunnenberger, H. M., & Klein, T. E. (2018). Standardizing terms for clinical pharmacogenetics implementation. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 103(5), 776–779. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1049 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1049
Scott, S. A., & Sangkuhl, K. (2018). Clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium (CPIC) guidelines for CYP2C19 and clopidogrel therapy. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 94(3), 317–323. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2013.105
Hoskins, J. M., Carey, L. A., & McLeod, H. L. (2019). CYP2D6 and tamoxifen: DNA matters in breast cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer, 9(8), 576–586. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc2683 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc2683
Haga, S. B., & O'Daniel, J. M. (2018). Public perspectives on pharmacogenetic testing and integrating testing into health care. Personalized Medicine, 15(6), 499–508. https://doi.org/10.2217/pme-2018-0038
Zubor, P., Gondova, A., & Kajo, K. (2018). The potential of next-generation sequencing in oncological diagnostics and its implementation into daily practice. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, 122, 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.10.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.10.008
Crews, K. R., & Hicks, J. K. (2019). Interdisciplinary approaches in pharmacogenomics: Challenges and opportunities. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 105(6), 1225–1230. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1309 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1309
Abrahams, E., & Silver, M. (2018). Advancing pharmacogenomics and its clinical implementation through public-private partnerships. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 17(8), 547–548. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd.2018.131 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd.2018.131
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2019 International journal of health sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.
