Profile of complete blood count of rats treated with extract of roasted dioscorea rotundata poir (white yam) tuber bark flake

Alphonsus Ogbonna Ogbuabor; Matthew Chibunna Igwe; Mariam Obiageli Aniagolu

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v9nS1.15844

Authors

Alphonsus Ogbonna Ogbuabor
ogbuaborao@yahoo.com
Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Nigeria
Matthew Chibunna Igwe Kampala International University, Uganda
Mariam Obiageli Aniagolu Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Nigeria

Keywords:

Complete blood count, Platelet Parameters, Red Blood Cell, Roasted yam, White Blood Cell

Abstract

Roasting of yam (dioscorea rotundata poir) tuber is an ancient practice in many localities. Although roasted yam bark flake has been associated with potential health risks, roasting of yam remains common among many communities. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of extract of roasted yam bark flake on the complete blood count of treated rats. 150mg/kg body weight of extracts of roasted yam (dioscoR) and boiled yam (dioscoB) were administered to the rats for 21 days. The complete blood counts were determined using hematology analyzer (Mindray 530 BC, China). Data was analyzed using statistical package for social science version 20.0 (IBM statistics Armok, NY, USA) and presented as mean±SD with p˂0.05 considered significant. Rats treated with dioscoR revealed significant decrease in the complete blood count parameters involving the red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, lymphocyte count but an increase in the red blood cell distribution width, white blood cell, neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte, basophil, platelet, plateletcrit, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width and the platelet large cell ratio compared to the controls. This finding suggests that the consumption of roasted yam bark flake may pose a toxicological risk to health

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adegunwa, M.O., Alamu, E.O. & Omitogun, L.A. (2011). Effect of processing on the nutritional contents of yam and cocoyam tubers. Journal of Applied Biosciences 46:3086-3092. www.biosciences. elewa.org

Adeniji, A., Taiga, A. & Ayodele, M. (2020). Comparative studies on the proximate composition of three tubers of dioscorea species in Anyigba, Kogi State. International Annals of Science 8(1):138-142. DOI:https://doi.org/10.21467/ias.8.1.138-142 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21467/ias.8.1.138-142

Aderibigbe, T.A.A, Olisah, C. & Babatunde, O.S. (2017). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons .(PAHs) in some smoked food stuffs in Lagos State, Southwest, Nigeria. Science Journal of Chemistry 5(3):31-35. DOI:10.11648/j.sjc.20170503.11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20170503.11

Bagudo, I.A. & Abdulrahman, Y. (2024). Effect of methanolic leaf extract of solanum incanum on full blood count parameters in wistar rats.Sokoto Journal of Medical Laboratory Science 9(4):194-201. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sokjmls.v9:4.21 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/sokjmls.v9i4.21

Barves, S., Patel, D., Shiromani, K.K. & Jawarker, A. (2015). Role of RBC count and RBC indices in diagnosing and differentiating anemias caused due to various clinical situations in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Valodara, Gujara. Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine and Healthcare 2 (45):8146-8148. DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2015/1095 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2015/1095

Erhabor,O., Muhammad, H.A., Muhammad, K., Onwuchekwa, C. & Egenti, N.B. (2021). Interpretation of full blood count parameters in health and disease. Haematology International Journal 5(1):00180. Doi:10.23880/hij-16000180 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23880/hij-16000180

Famous, M.J,. He, S., Sengupta, S., Tangella, K., Sobh, N., Anastasia, M.A. & Popescu,G. (2022). White blood cell detection, classification and analysis using phase imaging with computational specificity (PICS. Scientific Reports 12:20043. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21250-z. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21250-z

Farkas, J.D. (2020). The complete blood count to diagnose septic shock. Journal of Thoracic Disease 12.(Suppl 1):S16-S21 : http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2019.12.63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2019.12.63

Huang, S., Liu, Y., Qian, L., Zhou, J. & Wang, D.(2024). The exploration of cell population data in clinical use: Beyond infectious diseases. Laboratory Medicine (iLABMED) 2:125-140. DOI:10.1002/ ila2.41 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.41

Lasekan, O. & Teoh, S.L.(2019). Contribution of aroma compounds to the antioxidant properties of roatsted white yam. (Dioscorea rotundata). BioMedical Central Chemistry 13:133. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s13065-019-0650-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-019-0650-3

Liu, Y-H., Chen, S-C.,Lee, W-H., Chen, Y-C., Huang, J.C., Wu P-Y., Hung, C-H., Kuo, C-H. & Su, H-M.(2023).Components of the complete blood count as a risk predictor for incident hypertension in a large Taiwanese population follow-up study. Circulation Journal 87: 456-462.Doi:10.1253/ circj.CJ-22-0512 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-22-0512

Lorke, D. (1983). A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Archive of Toxicology 54: 275-287. Doi: 10.1007/BF01234480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01234480

May, J.E., Marques, M.B., Reddy, V.V.B. & Gangaraju, R.(2019). Three neglected numbers in the CBC: The RDW, MPV, and NRBC count. Clevaland Clinic Journal of Medicine 86(3):167-172. doi:10.3949/ccjm.86a.18072. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.86a.18072

Nweze, E.J., Ezeorba, T.PC, Okeke, E.S., Ezike, T.C. & Nwuga, C. (2024). Dietary exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the probabilistic health risk assessment of eating roasted yams (Dioscorea species) by African population. Current Applied Science and Technology 24(3):e0258411. https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.258411 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.258411

Oboma, Y.L., Yakubu, B.S., Mohammed,S.O., Sylvanus, B., Bede-Ojimadu, O., Idehen, C.I., Igwe, M.C., Chelimo, J.J. (2025). Hepatorenal assessment of a new psychoactive substance (NPS) in Nigeria: An animal model study of extract of public health concerns among youths. Biomedical Journal of Science and Technology Research 60(3):52506-52514. DOI:10.26717/BJSTR.2025. 60.009441 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26717/BJSTR.2025.60.009441

Oladeji, A.E., Bussie, M-D.,Christian, O.C. & Roberts, A. (2014). Physicochemical and bioactive properties of selected white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) varieties adapted to riverine areas of Nigeria. African Journal of Food Science 8(7):402-409 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJFS2014.1154

Olayaki, L.A., Soladoye, A.O., Jimoh, O.R. & Olawapo, O.A. (2007).Effects of roasted yam (Dioscorea rotundata poir) on erythrocyte osmotic fragility and other haematological values in male albino rats. Biokemistri 19(2):49-52. https://www.bioline.org.br/bk DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/biokem.v19i2.56423

Quintana, S.E.,Perez-Mendoza, J. & Zapateiro, G.A.L.(2023).Physicochemical, structural and rheological properties of Hawthorn yam (Dioscorea rotundata) flour. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science 11(3): 954-963. Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.11.3.04 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.11.3.04

Seo, I-H. & Lee, Y-J. (2022). Usefulness of complete blood count (CBC) to assess cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in clinical settings: A comprehensive literature review. Biomedicines 10, 2697. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicine10112697 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10112697

Sheikh, N., Kumar, Y., Misra, A.K. & Pfoze, L.(2013). Phytochemical screening to validate the ethnobotanical importance of root tubers of dioscorea species of Meghalaya, North East India. Journal of Medicinal Plant Studies 1(6):62-69. www.plantsjournal.com

Sorsa,A. (2018). Diagnostic significance of white blood cell count and C-reactive protein in neonatal sepsis,Asella Referral Hospital, SouthEast Ethiopia. The Open Microbiology Journal 12:209-217 DOI: 10.2174/1874285801812010209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801812010209

Sul, J., Azizpour, S., Chen, F., Gaur, S., Keene, K., Soleiman, F., Bhowmick, T., Rafique, Z. & Javanmard, M. (2024).Clinical evaluation of a fall electronic microfluidic white blood cell analyzer. Public Library of Science ONE 19(1):e0296344. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296344 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296344

Tara, T., Iqbal, M., Khan, H.A, Ahmad, R., Khan, R.A., Samad, A., Ullah, H., Khan, Z.U., Rahman, M.I.K., Ahmad, J., Ahmad, Z., Sordar, S. & Khan, Y. (2022).Comparisons and differential of total leukocyte count among the dermatitis patients at Naseerullah Khan Baber Hospital, Preshawar. Annals of Rommanian Society for Cell Biology 26(1):353-363.http://annalsofrscb.ro

Ukom, A.N.,Ezeama, C.E., Ortiz, D.O., Aragon, I.J. & Ojimelukwe, P.C. (2014).Influence of cooking methods on phenolic and antioxidant activity of yams (Dioscorea spp) and cocoyam (Xanthoma maffs [scoth]) tuber extracts. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 2(5):379-389. www.ajournonline.com

Wongsaengsak, S., Dennis, J.A., Ball, S., Arevalo, M. & Nugent, K. (2019). Significance of platelet count in health and disease: Insights from a population study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination survey. The Southwest Respiratory and Critical Care Chronicles 7(30):4-11 DOI: 10.12746/swrccc. v7i30.558. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12746/swrccc.v7i30.558

Yoon.I., Han, J-H. & Jeon, H-J. (2024). Advances in platelet dysfunction diagnostic technologies. Biomolecules 14,714.https://doi.org/biom14060714 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14060714