Factors associated with early and late COVID-19 related deaths in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia: A prospective cohort study

Afnan A. Al-Sharm; Ahmed M. Saleh; Rasha M. Bajaba; Mona A. Kutbi; Abeer Alatawi

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6nS3.5180

Authors

Afnan A. Al-Sharm Satellite Research Administration, Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed M. Saleh Department of Clinical Research, Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Rasha M. Bajaba Laboratory and Blood Bank Department, King Fahd General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Mona A. Kutbi Quality Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Abeer Alatawi Faculty of Applied Medical Scince, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

Keywords:

COVID-19, pandemic, risk factors, mortality, health policy, comorbidity, gender

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is a contagious viral disease affecting the respiratory system leading to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and can progress to respiratory failure and death. Objective: To evaluate factors associated with early versus late COVID-19 related deaths for patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: We prospectively followed up all critically ill cases with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who progressed to death at the adult ICU in Prince Mohammed bin Abdul-Aziz hospital in Riyadh, from January to December, 2020. We analyzed demographic characteristics, presenting symptoms and signs before and after admission, associated comorbidities, the use of mechanical ventilation and admission-death duration. A subsample of 160 cases were divided into two groups according to the admission to death duration, Group 1 < 14 days (n = 71) and group 2 > 14 days (n = 89). Results: A total of 160 deaths underwent detailed analysis. The population's median age was 60.4 years. There was significantly more deaths occurred in males 123/160 (77.5%) compared to females 37/160 (22.5%) (P < 0.001). There was significantly higher mortality cases in the age group of 60-69 years occurring in group 2 compared to group 1.

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