Physiological study of NGAL and Cystatin C in chronic and acute kidney disease patients

https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS3.7900

Authors

  • Ali Nahedh Abdulameer University of Kufa, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Iraq
  • Haider Salih Jaffat University of Kufa, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Iraq

Keywords:

NGAL, Cystatin C, chronic, acute kidney, disease patients

Abstract

Kidney disease is an important global health concern, affecting ~15% of the global population and typically associated with systemic disorders (e.g., diabetes). Increased incidence of kidney diseases and their progression to critical stages are facing many nations across the globe. The current study was performed with 65 male patients (20 with Acute kidney disease and 45 with chronic kidney disease, their mean age (44.38±14.59) years, who have visited the physician's consultancies and the kidney disease unit at Al-Sadder Teaching hospital in Al-najaf, Iraq, and 25 persons as a healthy control group their mean age (48.68±16.37) years, They were all Males with no prior medical history and no indications or symptoms of renal disease, diabetes, anemia, hypertension, thyroid illness, dyslipidemia, or obesity . The study was conducted from September 2021 to May 2022. Biomarker appropriate for kidney failure monitoring should have narrow biological variability Such as NGAL and Cystatin C Were biomarkers of tubular epithelial cells injury and pathogenesis of KD progression, it was predicted to be reflecting disease activity and kidney function. In this study, serum NGAL and Cystatin C levels were measured in patients and healthy groups. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abhisek, P. A., Panda, R., Mohapatra, J., Mohapatra, N., & Mohanty, S. (2016). Antihypertensive drug utilisation pattern among chronic kidney disease patients undergoing maintenance dialysis in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Hypertension, 100, 100.

Alexander, R. T., Cordat, E., Chambrey, R., Dimke, H., & Eladari, D. (2016). Acidosis and Urinary Calcium Excretion: Insights from Genetic Disorders. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology),

Bobulescu, I. A., & Moe, O. W. (2012). Renal transport of uric acid: evolving concepts and uncertainties. Advances in chronic kidney disease, 19(6), 358–371. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ackd.2012.07.009

Buonafine, M., Martinez-Martinez, E., & Jaisser, F. ric. (2018). More than a simple biomarker: The role of NGAL in cardiovascular and renal diseases. Clinical Science, 132(9), 909–923. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20171592

Cai, L., Rubin, J., Han, W., Venge, P., & Xu, S. (2010). The origin of multiple molecular forms in urine of HNL/NGAL. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 5(12), 2229-2235.

Dabla, P. K. (2010). Renal function in diabetic nephropathy. World journal of diabetes, 1(2), 48.

De Silva, P. M., Gunasekara, T. D. K. S. C., Gunarathna, S. D., Sandamini, P. M. M. A., Pinipa, R. A. I., Ekanayake, E. M. D. V., ... & Jayasundara, N. (2021). Urinary Biomarkers of Renal Injury KIM-1 and NGAL: Reference Intervals for Healthy Pediatric Population in Sri Lanka. Children, 8(8), 684.

De Silva, P. M., Gunasekara, T. D. K. S. C., Gunarathna, S. D., Sandamini, P. M. M. A., Pinipa, R. A. I., Ekanayake, E. M. D. V., ... & Jayasundara, N. (2021). Urinary Biomarkers of Renal Injury KIM-1 and NGAL: Reference Intervals for Healthy Pediatric Population in Sri Lanka. Children, 8(8), 684.

Dharnidharka, V. R., Kwon, C., & Stevens, G. (2002). Serum cystatin C is superior to serum creatinine as a marker of kidney function: a meta-analysis. American journal of kidney diseases, 40(2), 221-226.

Filler, G., Bökenkamp, A., Hofmann, W., Le Bricon, T., Martínez-Brú, C., & Grubb, A. (2005). Cystatin C as a marker of GFR—history, indications, and future research. Clinical biochemistry, 38(1), 1-8.

Gounden V, Bhatt H, Jialal I. Renal Function Tests. [Updated 2021 Jul 20]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507821/

Gunasekara, T. D. K. S. C., De Silva, P. M., Herath, C., Siribaddana, S., Siribaddana, N., Jayasumana, C., ... & Jayasundara, N. (2020). The Utility of Novel Renal Biomarkers in Assessment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu): A Review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(24), 9522.

Huelin, P., Solà, E., Elia, C., Solé, C., Risso, A., Moreira, R., ... & Ginès, P. (2019). Neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin for assessment of acute kidney injury in cirrhosis: a prospective study. Hepatology, 70(1), 319-333.

Kellum, J. A., Romagnani, P., Ashuntantang, G., Ronco, C., Zarbock, A., & Anders, H. J. (2021). Acute kidney injury. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-021-00284-z

Kim, S. S., Song, S. H., Kim, I. J., Yang, J. Y., Lee, J. G., Kwak, I. S., & Kim, Y. K. (2012). Clinical implication of urinary tubular markers in the early stage of nephropathy with type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 97(2), 251-257.

Kraut, J. A., & Madias, N. E. (2017). Adverse effects of the metabolic acidosis of chronic kidney disease. Advances in chronic kidney disease, 24(5), 289-297.

Kraut, J. A., & Nagami, G. T. (2018). Metabolic acidosis of chronic kidney disease. In Textbook of Nephro-Endocrinology (pp. 291-318). Academic Press.

Lamb, E. J., Tomson, C. R., & Roderick, P. J. (2005). Estimating kidney function in adults using formulae. Annals of clinical biochemistry, 42(5), 321-345.

Laterza, O. F., Price, C. P., & Scott, M. G. (2002). Cystatin C: an improved estimator of glomerular filtration rate?. Clinical chemistry, 48(5), 699-707.

Levey, A. S., & Coresh, J. (2012). Chronic kidney disease. The lancet, 379(9811), 165- 180.

Liang, S., Shi, M., Bai, Y., Deng, Y., Fang, M., Li, J., Wu, Y., Peng, W., Hou, Y., Fang, H., Zhang, H., & Chen, C. (2020). The effect of glucocorticoids on serum cystatin C in identifying acute kidney injury: a propensity-matched cohort study. BMC Nephrology, 21(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-020-02165-1

Lim, L. M., Kuo, H. T., Kuo, M. C., Chiu, Y. W., Lee, J. J., Hwang, S. J., Tsai, J. C., Hung,

C. C., & Chen, H. C. (2014). Low serum calcium is associated with poor renal outcomes in chronic kidney disease stages 3-4 patients. BMC nephrology, 15, 183. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2369-15-183

Massey, D. (2004). Commentary: clinical diagnostic use of cystatin C. Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 18(1), 55-60.

Mishra, J., Ma, Q., Prada, A., Mitsnefes, M., Zahedi, K., Yang, J., ... & Devarajan, P. (2003). Identification of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a novel early urinary biomarker for ischemic renal injury. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 14(10), 2534-2543.

Mishra, J., Ma, Q., Prada, A., Mitsnefes, M., Zahedi, K., Yang, J., ... & Devarajan, P. (2003). Identification of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a novel early urinary biomarker for ischemic renal injury. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 14(10), 2534-2543.

Moriya, H., Mochida, Y., Ishioka, K., Oka, M., Maesato, K., Hidaka, S., ... & Kobayashi,

S. (2017). Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is an indicator of interstitial damage and a predictor of kidney function worsening of chronic kidney disease in the early stage: a pilot study. Clinical and experimental nephrology, 21(6), 1053-1059.

O'Seaghdha, C. M., Hwang, S. J., Muntner, P., Melamed, M. L., & Fox, C. S. (2011). Serum phosphorus predicts incident chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 26(9), 2885–2890. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfq808

Ozmen, S., Danis, R., Akin, D., Cil, T., & Yazanel, O. (2007). Parathyroid hormone as a marker for the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic renal failure. Renal Failure, 29(4), 509–512. https://doi.org/10.1080/08860220701275006

Ozmen, S., Danis, R., Akin, D., Cil, T., & Yazanel, O. (2007). Parathyroid hormone as a marker for the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic renal failure. Renal Failure, 29(4), 509–512. https://doi.org/10.1080/08860220701275006

Peralta, C. A., Katz, R., Sarnak, M. J., Ix, J., Fried, L. F., De Boer, I., ... & Shlipak, M. G. (2011). Cystatin C identifies chronic kidney disease patients at higher risk for complications. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 22(1), 147-155.

Peralta, C. A., Shlipak, M. G., Judd, S., Cushman, M., McClellan, W., Zakai, N. A., Safford, M. M., Zhang, X., Muntner, P., & Warnock, D. (2011). Detection of chronic kidney disease with creatinine, cystatin c, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio and association with progression to end-stage renal disease and mortality. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 305(15), 1545–1552. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2011.468

Rusul,J.A.(2020). Evaluation of some biomarkers as a predictable of risk factors in patients with chronic kidney disease in Al-Najaf province, Iraq .

Rysz, J., Gluba-Brzózka, A., Franczyk, B., Jablonowski, Z., & Cialkowska-Rysz, A. (2017). Novel biomarkers in the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease and the prediction of its outcome. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18081702

Schaalan, M. F., & Mohamed, W. A. (2016). Determinants of hepcidin levels in sepsis- associated acute kidney injury: Impact on pAKT/PTEN pathways?. Journal of immunotoxicology, 13(5), 751-757.

Sjostrom, P., Tidman, M., & Jones, I. (2005). Determination of the production rate and non‐renal clearance of cystatin C and estimation of the glomerular filtration rate from the serum concentration of cystatin C in humans. Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation, 65(2), 111-124.

Suki, W. N., & Moore, L. W. (2016). Phosphorus Regulation in Chronic Kidney Disease. Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal, 12(4 Suppl), 6–9. https://doi.org/10.14797/mdcj-12-4s1-6

Tuttle, K. R., Alicic, R. Z., Duru, O. K., Jones, C. R., Daratha, K. B., Nicholas, S. B., McPherson, S. M., Neumiller, J. J., Bell, D. S., Mangione, C. M., & Norris, K. C. (2019). Clinical Characteristics of and Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease Among Adults and Children: An Analysis of the CURE-CKD Registry. JAMA Network Open, 2(12), e1918169. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18169

Viau, A., El Karoui, K., Laouari, D., Burtin, M., Nguyen, C., Mori, K., ... & Terzi, F. (2010). Lipocalin 2 is essential for chronic kidney disease progression in mice and humans. The Journal of clinical investigation, 120(11), 4065-4076.

Viau, A., El Karoui, K., Laouari, D., Burtin, M., Nguyen, C., Mori, K., ... & Terzi, F. (2010). Lipocalin 2 is essential for chronic kidney disease progression in mice and humans. The Journal of clinical investigation, 120(11), 4065-4076.

Wasung, M. E., Chawla, L. S., & Madero, M. (2015). Biomarkers of renal function, which and when?. Clinica chimica acta, 438, 350-357.

Worcester, E. M., & Coe, F. L. (2008, March). New insights into the pathogenesis of idiopathic hypercalciuria. In Seminars in nephrology (Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 120-132). WB Saunders.

Zhang, M., Cao, X., Cai, G., Wu, D., Wei, R., Yuan, X., ... & Chen, X. (2013). Clinical evaluation of serum cystatin C and creatinine in patients with chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis. Journal of international medical research, 41(4), 944-955.

Published

25-05-2022

How to Cite

Abdulameer, A. N., & Jaffat, H. S. (2022). Physiological study of NGAL and Cystatin C in chronic and acute kidney disease patients. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(S3), 8329–8343. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS3.7900

Issue

Section

Peer Review Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)