Analysis of GM-CSF in SARS-CoV-2 patients in Hilla city
Keywords:
GM-CSF, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 patientsAbstract
Objectives: 1.Using Covid-19, examine the demographic data(obese and smoking) on Pentian. 2. To determine the serm level of GM-CSF. Methods: In this study, 170 patients with COVID-19 and AHC were included .The value of the GM-CSF and demographic data was collected and their correlation with disease severity was analyzed. Results: the Patients group contained 36 (51.4%) patients with Covid 19, 19 of whom were obese (BMI 30 kg/m2), and 34 (48.6%) were non-obese. Only 27 (27.0%) of the participants in the control group were fat, while 73 (73.0%) of the participants in the Covid 19 group were not obese. In terms of smoking status, the current study found that 28 (40.0 percent) of the patients in the Covid 19 group were smokers, whereas 42 (60.0 percent) were non-smokers. Only 13 (13.0%) of the participants in the control group were smokers, with 87 (87.0%) having no Covid 19. the case (with Covid 19) group had significantly greater levels of (IL33) than the control group.
Downloads
References
Berger, J. R. (2020). COVID-19 and the nervous system. Journal of neurovirology, 26(2), 143-148.
Cevik, M., Marcus, J. L., Buckee, C., & Smith, T. C. (2021). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission dynamics should inform policy. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 73(Supplement_2), S170-S176.
Sahin, A. R., Erdogan, A., Agaoglu, P. M., Dineri, Y., Cakirci, A. Y., Senel, M. E., ... & Tasdogan, A. M. (2020). 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak: a review of the current literature. EJMO, 4(1), 1-7.
Mousavizadeh, L., & Ghasemi, S. (2021). Genotype and phenotype of COVID-19: Their roles in pathogenesis. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 54(2), 159-163.
WHO, (2020). Modes of Transmission of Virus Causing COVID-19: Implications for IPC Precaution Recommendations. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Guo, Z. D., Wang, Z. Y., Zhang, S. F., Li, X., Li, L., Li, C., ... & Chen, W. (2020). Aerosol and surface distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in hospital wards, Wuhan, China, 2020. Emerging infectious diseases, 26(7), 1586.
Mehta, P., Porter, J. C., Manson, J. J., Isaacs, J. D., Openshaw, P. J., McInnes, I. B., ... & Chambers, R. C. (2020). Therapeutic blockade of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in COVID-19-associated hyperinflammation: challenges and opportunities. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8(8), 822-830.
Zhou, Y., Fu, B., Zheng, X., Wang, D., Zhao, C., Sun, R., ... & Wei, H. (2020). Aberrant pathogenic GM-CSF+ T cells and inflammatory CD14+ CD16+ monocytes in severe pulmonary syndrome patients of a new coronavirus. biorxiv.
Lang, F. M., Lee, K. M. C., Teijaro, J. R., Becher, B., & Hamilton, J. A. (2020). GM-CSF-based treatments in COVID-19: reconciling opposing therapeutic approaches. Nature Reviews Immunology, 20(8), 507-514.
Hernández-Garduño, E. (2020). Obesity is the comorbidity more strongly associated for Covid-19 in Mexico. A case-control study. Obesity research & clinical practice, 14(4), 375-379.
Berumen, J., Schmulson, M., Alegre-Díaz, J., Guerrero, G., Larriva-Sahd, J., Olaiz, G., ... & Chiquete, E. (2020). Risk of infection and hospitalization by Covid-19 in Mexico: a case-control study. MedRxiv
Cai, Q., Chen, F., Wang, T., Luo, F., Liu, X., Wu, Q., ... & Xu, L. (2020). Obesity and COVID-19 severity in a designated hospital in Shenzhen, China. Diabetes care, 43(7), 1392-1398.
Mundell, E. (2021). Obesity More Deadly for Men Than Women When COVID Strikes. In U.S. News & World Report.
Jung, C. Y., Park, H., Kim, D. W., Lim, H., Chang, J. H., Choi, Y. J., ... & Chang, T. I. (2021). Association between body mass index and risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a nationwide case-control study in South Korea. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 73(7), e1855-e1862.
Ji, W., Lee, R., Huh, K., Kang, M., Hwang, I. C., Radnaabaatar, M., ... & Jung, J. (2021). Overweight and obesity are risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019: a propensity score-matched case-control study. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 36(1), 196.
Patanavanich, R., & Glantz, S. A. (2020). Smoking is associated with COVID-19 progression: a meta-analysis. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 22(9), 1653-1656.
Lederer, D. J., Kawut, S. M., Wickersham, N., Winterbottom, C., Bhorade, S., Palmer, S. M., ... & Christie, J. D. (2011). Obesity and primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation: the Lung Transplant Outcomes Group Obesity Study. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 184(9), 1055-1061.
Mertz, D., Kim, T. H., Johnstone, J., & Lam, P. P. Science, M., Kuster, SP,... & Loeb, M.(2013). Populations at risk for severe or complicated influenza illness: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 347.
Peng, Y. D., Meng, K., Guan, H. Q., Leng, L., Zhu, R. R., Wang, B. Y., ... & Zeng, Q. T. (2020). Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 112 cardiovascular disease patients infected by 2019-nCoV. Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi, 48(6), 450-455.
Wu, C., Chen, X., Cai, Y., Zhou, X., Xu, S., Huang, H., ... & Song, Y. (2020). Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA internal medicine, 180(7), 934-943.
Docherty, A. B., Harrison, E. M., Green, C. A., Hardwick, H. E., Pius, R., Norman, L., ... & Semple, M. G. (2020). Features of 20 133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: prospective observational cohort study. bmj, 369.
Petrilli, C. M., Jones, S. A., Yang, J., Rajagopalan, H., O’Donnell, L., Chernyak, Y., ... & Horwitz, L. I. (2020). Factors associated with hospital admission and critical illness among 5279 people with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York City: prospective cohort study. bmj, 369.
Nishimura, S., Manabe, I., Nagasaki, M., Eto, K., Yamashita, H., Ohsugi, M., ... & Nagai, R. (2009). CD8+ effector T cells contribute to macrophage recruitment and adipose tissue inflammation in obesity. Nature medicine, 15(8), 914-920.
Pötschke-Langer, M., Schotte, K., & Szilagyi, T. (2015). The WHO framework convention on tobacco control. In The Tobacco Epidemic (Vol. 42, pp. 149-157). Karger Publishers.
Akbarov, A. N., & Xabilov, D. N. U. (2021). The condition of the oral cavity in patients who have had a viral infection COVID-19. International Journal of Health & Medical Sciences, 4(4), 381-383. https://doi.org/10.21744/ijhms.v4n4.1796
Brake, S. J., Barnsley, K., Lu, W., McAlinden, K. D., Eapen, M. S., & Sohal, S. S. (2020). Smoking upregulates angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor: a potential adhesion site for novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19). Journal of clinical medicine, 9(3), 841.
Zhao, Q., Meng, M., Kumar, R., Wu, Y., Huang, J., Lian, N., ... & Lin, S. (2020). The impact of COPD and smoking history on the severity of COVID‐19: A systemic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of medical virology, 92(10), 1915-1921.
Suryasa, I. W., Rodríguez-Gámez, M., & Koldoris, T. (2021). The COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Health Sciences, 5(2), vi-ix. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v5n2.2937
Fischer, F., Minnwegen, M., Kaneider, U., Kraemer, A., & Khan, M. M. H. (2015). Prevalence and determinants of secondhand smoke exposure among women in Bangladesh, 2011. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 17(1), 58-65.
Nargis, N., Thompson, M. E., Fong, G. T., Driezen, P., Hussain, A. G., Ruthbah, U. H., ... & Abdullah, A. S. (2015). Prevalence and patterns of tobacco use in Bangladesh from 2009 to 2012: evidence from International Tobacco Control (ITC) Study. PloS one, 10(11), e0141135.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2022 International journal of health sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.