A review of the clinical management of current organophosphate poisoning treatments in humans

Kumpati Rajesh Kumar; Sukesh Narayan Sinha

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6nS9.12950

Authors

Kumpati Rajesh Kumar Division of Food Safety, Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
Sukesh Narayan Sinha
sukeshnr_sinha@yahoo.com
Scientist-F, Head of Department, Division of Food Safety, Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India

Keywords:

Organophosphate, Pesticides, Chemical Warfare, Pharmacology, Epidemiology, Clinical Management

Abstract

Although they have several uses, organophosphates (OPs) are mostly employed in agriculture as insecticides. Every year, OPs are too accountable for the deaths of hundreds of thousands of individuals. Acute toxicity is caused by overstimulating the central and autonomic nervous systems with nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, as well as the neuromuscular junction, as a result of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme suppression. Based on the poisoning history, the odor of pesticides, the distinctive clinical symptoms, and decreased cholinesterase activity are used to make the diagnosis of OP poisoning. The keys to successful outcomes are appropriate supportive care, decontamination, intensive anti-muscarinic therapy, early seizure management, and the administration of antidotal oxime medication.

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