Epidemiological studies of COVID-19 disease: A story of SARS CoV-2 infection from origin to hospital

Sajida Maryam; Raiha Fatima; Mehmoona Ashfaq; Noman Hassan; Anita Bibi; Alina Syed; Muhammad Kamran

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v7nS1.14303

Authors

Sajida Maryam Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Raiha Fatima Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Mehmoona Ashfaq Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Noman Hassan Department of Allied Health Technologies, TIMES Institute Multan, Pakistan
Anita Bibi Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Alina Syed Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan & Eshaal Institute of Health Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Muhammad Kamran
kamranahmdani@gmail.com
Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan & Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Islamabad Medical & Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan

Keywords:

COVID-19, pandemic, coronaviruses, origin, epidemiology

Abstract

The Chinese population having epidemiological link with wholesale market of seafood develop respiratory illness with pneumonia like clinical presentations in Hubei Province, Wuhan City, recently in December 2019. Laboratory results revealed a novel coronavirus that was named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) and disease it caused given name of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 turn out to be third outbreak of human pathogenic coronaviruses and first pandemic of 21^st century. The previous coronaviruses proved merely as a tip of iceberg after emergence of recently identified SARS-CoV-2 with potential of pandemic status that significantly revealed the concealed capabilities of virulence and contagiousness of betacoronaviruses group. The aim of this review is to discuss the origin of COVID-19, transmission patterns, susceptible hosts, factors that increase disease severity, nucleic acid base diagnosis, mortality and morbidity rates and therapeutic option against COVID-19. The diagnostic methods like microarray and RNA-targeting CRISPR were adopted recently for COVID-19 diagnosis after advancing them further for rapid and accurate detection of COVID-19 and high throughput.

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