Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in renal masses taking computed tomography as a gold standard

Sahar Altaf; Anjum Tazeen; Mehreen Fatima; Syed Muhammad Yousaf Farooq; Zartash Gull; Muhammad Kamran

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6nS8.13757

Authors

Sahar Altaf University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore
Anjum Tazeen University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore
Mehreen Fatima University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore
Syed Muhammad Yousaf Farooq University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore
Zartash Gull
zartash.khan9798@gmail.com
Department of Medical Imaging Technology, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Pakistan
Muhammad Kamran Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Islamabad Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan

Keywords:

computed tomography, renal mass, renal cell carcinoma, ultrasound

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in renal masses taking computed Tomography as a gold standard. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of 198 study subjects with renal masses was conducted at District Head Quarter Hospital (DHQ) and Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Patients of age 18 years and above and of both genders with complaints of hematuria and/or palpable mass in the flank region was included. Patients with nephrolithiasis, any other gross renal pathology and patients with any contraindication to the contrast agent, were excluded. Results: Ultrasound had the Sensitivity of 76.67%, Specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 80.56%, and the diagnostic accuracy of 88.14% respectively for the assessment of renal cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Ultrasound is a reliable tool for the differentiation of renal masses, and other renal pathologies such as simple cysts, complex cysts, and polycystic kidney disease.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ascenti G., Zimbaro G., Mazziotti S. Usefulness of power Doppler and contrast-enhanced sonography in the differentiation of hyperechoic renal masses. Abdom. Imaging. 2001;26:654–660.

Barr, R. G., Peterson, C., & Hindi, A. (2014). Evaluation of indeterminate renal masses with contrast-enhanced US: a diagnostic performance study. Radiology, 271(1), 133–142.

Capitanio, U., Bensalah, K., Bex, A., Boorjian, S. A., Bray, F., Coleman, J., Gore, J. L., Sun, M., Wood, C., & Russo, P. (2019). Epidemiology of Renal Cell Carcinoma. European urology, 75(1), 74–84.

Chen, Y., Wu, N., Xue, T., Hao, Y., & Dai, J. (2015). Comparison of contrast-enhanced sonography with MRI in the diagnosis of complex cystic renal masses. Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU, 43(4), 203–209.

El-Hefnawy, A. S., Mosbah, A., El-Diasty, T., Hassan, M., & Shaaban, A. A. (2013). Accuracy of multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) in staging of renal cell carcinoma (RCC): analysis of risk factors for mis-staging and its impact on surgical intervention. World journal of urology, 31(4), 887–891.

Ganeshan, D., Morani, A., Ladha, H., Bathala, T., Kang, H., Gupta, S., Lalwani, N., & Kundra, V. (2014). Staging, surveillance, and evaluation of response to therapy in renal cell carcinoma: role of MDCT. Abdominal imaging, 39(1), 66–85.

Geyer, T., Schwarze, V., Marschner, C., Schnitzer, M. L., Froelich, M. F., Rübenthaler, J., & Clevert, D. A. (2020). Diagnostic Performance of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in the Evaluation of Solid Renal Masses. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 56(11), 624.

Henderson J.M., Fowler S., Joyce A. Perioperative outcomes of 6042 nephrectomies in 2012: Surgeon-reported results in the UK from the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) nephrectomy database. BJU Int. 2015; 115:121–126.

Jemal, A., Siegel, R., Xu, J., Ward, E. (2015). Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin , 33, 331-53.

Johnson, D. C., Vukina, J., Smith, A. B., Meyer, A. M., Wheeler, S. B., Kuo, T. M., Tan, H. J., Woods, M. E., Raynor, M. C., Wallen, E. M., Pruthi, R. S., & Nielsen, M. E. (2015). Preoperatively misclassified, surgically removed benign renal masses: a systematic review of surgical series and United States population level burden estimate. The Journal of urology, 193(1), 30–35.

Kalatharan, V., McArthur, E., Nash, D. M., Welk, B., Sarma, S., Garg, A. X., & Pei, Y. (2020). Diagnostic accuracy of administrative codes for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in clinic patients with cystic kidney disease. Clinical kidney journal, 14(2), 612–616.

Kay FU, Pedrosa I. Imaging of solid renal masses. Urologic Clinics. 2018;45(3):311-30.

King, S. C., Pollack, L. A., Li, J., King, J. B., & Master, V. A. (2014). Continued increase in incidence of renal cell carcinoma, especially in young patients and high grade disease: United States 2001 to 2010. The Journal of urology, 191(6), 1665–1670.

Laguna, M. P., Algaba, F., Cadeddu, J., Clayman, R., Gill, I., Gueglio, G., Hohenfellner, sM., Joyce, A., Landman, J., Lee, B., van Poppel, H., & Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Renal Mass Study (2014). Current patterns of presentation and treatment of renal masses: a clinical research office of the endourological society prospective study. Journal of endourology, 28(7), 861–870.

Marconi, L., Dabestani, S., Lam, T. B., Hofmann, F., Stewart, F., Norrie, J., Bex, A., Bensalah, K., Canfield, S. E., Hora, M., Kuczyk, M. A., Merseburger, A. S., Mulders, P., Powles, T., Staehler, M., Ljungberg, B., & Volpe, A. (2016). Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy of Percutaneous Renal Tumour Biopsy. European urology, 69(4), 660–673.

Nakashima, K., Kitagawa, Y., Izumi, K., Mizokami, A., Gabata, T., & Namiki, M. (2016). Diagnostic accuracy of pre-operative imaging findings in presumed clinical T1a renal cell carcinomas. Oncology letters, 11(5), 3189–3193.

Nicolau, C., Torra, R., Badenas, C., Vilana, R., Bianchi, L., Gilabert, R., Darnell, A., & Brú, C. (1999). Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease types 1 and 2: assessment of US sensitivity for diagnosis. Radiology, 213(1), 273–276.

Nientiedt, M., Bertolo, R., Campi, R., Capitanio, U., Erdem, S., Kara, Ö., Klatte, T., Larcher, A., Mir, M. C., Ouzaid, I., Roussel, E., Salagierski, M., Waldbillig, F., & Kriegmair, M. C. (2020). Chronic Kidney Disease After Partial Nephrectomy in Patients With Preoperative Inconspicuous Renal Function - Curiosity or Relevant Issue?. Clinical genitourinary cancer, 18(6), e754–e761.

Pei, Y., Hwang, Y. H., Conklin, J., Sundsbak, J. L., Heyer, C. M., Chan, W., Wang, K., He, N., Rattansingh, A., Atri, M., Harris, P. C., & Haider, M. A. (2015). Imaging-based diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology: JASN, 26(3), 746–753.

Rossi, S. H., Klatte, T., Usher-Smith, J., & Stewart, G. D. (2018). Epidemiology and screening for renal cancer. World journal of urology, 36(9), 1341–1353.

Sun, M., Wang, C., Jiang, F., Fang, X., & Guo, B. (2019). Diagnostic value and clinical significance of ultrasound combined with CT in cystic renal cell carcinoma. Oncology letters, 18(2), 1395–1401.

Volpe, A., & Jewett, M. A. (2009). Current role, techniques and outcomes of percutaneous biopsy of renal tumors. Expert review of anticancer therapy, 9(6), 773–783.

Xu Z.F., Xu H.X., Xie X.Y. Renal cell carcinoma and renal angiomyolipoma: Differential diagnosis with real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. J. Ultrasound Med. 2010;29:709–717.

Zhang, F., Li, R., Li, G., Jin, L., Shi, Q. and Du, L. (2019), Value of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Renal Cancer and in Comparison With Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography: A Meta-analysis. J Ultrasound Med, 38: 903-914.