Understanding antibiotic resistance: Challenges and solutions
A review article for healthcare staff
Keywords:
antibiotic resistance, multi-drug resistant bacteria, healthcare staff, antibiotic stewardship, novel antibiotics, global healthAbstract
Background: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) poses a critical threat to global health, with predictions indicating that by 2050, multi-drug resistant (MDR) infections could lead to approximately 10 million deaths annually, surpassing deaths from cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics, particularly in agricultural settings, have exacerbated the issue. Aim: This review aims to provide healthcare staff with an understanding of the challenges posed by antibiotic resistance and explore potential solutions. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, analyzing historical and contemporary data on antibiotic discovery, resistance mechanisms, and current research initiatives aimed at addressing ABR. Results: Key findings indicate that the decline in new antibiotic development since the late 1980s, coupled with the rapid spread of resistance genes, has created an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Recent research highlights promising compounds derived from natural sources, including marine fungi and Actinobacteria, which show potential against MDR pathogens. Conclusion: Immediate action is required to combat ABR, including improved antibiotic stewardship, public education, and increased funding for research into new antibiotics. Collaborative efforts among healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers are essential to address this escalating crisis.
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