Co-relation between inflammatory biomarkers and COVID-19 progression
A retrospective study
Keywords:
inflammatory markers, COVID-19, retrospective studyAbstract
Background & Objective: - Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) disease has caused considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. The present study aims to investigate the prognostic significance of the inflammatory markers and to augment our present knowledge of these biomarkers to help in risk stratification. Methodology - The proposed study is a retrospective observational study on COVID-19 positive patients admitted in the ICU of Hospital of Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun, India from November 2020 to January 2021. Patients were categorized in to three groups moderate, severe and critical as per the criteria mentioned in methodology section in detail. Statistical Analysis- To explore the risk factors associated with illness severity of COVID-19, we categorized the patients into two groups, and one is moderate and severe and second is critical. Potential predictive variables included the following case characteristics on admission: demographic features and, comorbidity, clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory findings. Results- Sixty-two patients were enrolled in this study with mean age of 63.24±20.12 of which 44(70.96%) were males and 18(29.03%) were females. Multiple number of patients had comorbidities with diabetes 36(58.06%) patients, followed by hypertension in 24(38.70%).
Downloads
References
Bai Y, Yao L, Wei T, et al.: Presumed asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19. JAMA. 2020, 323:1406-7. 10.1001/jama.2020.2565
Hu Z, Song C, Xu C, et al.: Clinical characteristics of 24 asymptomatic infections with COVID-19. 10.2139/ssrn.3543598
Kermali M, Khalsa RK, Pillai K, Ismail Z, Harky A: The role of biomarkers in diagnosis of COVID-19 - A systematic review. Life Sci. 2020, 1:117788. 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117788
Wang H, Ma S: The cytokine storm and factors determining the sequence and severity of organ dysfunction in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Am J Emerg Med. 2008, 26:711-5. 10.1016/j.ajem.2007.10.031
Huang KJ, Su IJ, Theron M, Wu YC, Lai SK, Liu CC, Lei HY: An interferon-gamma-related cytokine storm in SARS patients. J Med Virol. 2005, 75:185-9. 10.1002/jmv.20255
Giovanni Pontia , Monia Maccaferrib , Cristel Ruini, Aldo Tomasi and Tomris Ozben: 202019. 10.1080/10408363.2020.177068
Association of elevated inflammatory markers and severe COVID- 19: a meta-analysis. Ji P, Zhu J, Zhong Z, Li H, Pang J, Li B, Zhang J. Medicine (Baltimore. 202099, 0:10.1097/MD.0000000000023315
Vahidy FS, Pan AP, Ahnstedt H, Munshi Y, Choi HA, Tiruneh Y: Sex differences in susceptibility, severity, and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019: Cross-sectional analysis from a diverse US metropolitan area. PLoS ONE. 16:0245556.
Jin Jian-Min, Bai Peng, He We, et al.: Gender Differences in Patients With COVID- 19: Focus on Severity and Mortality. Frontiers in Public Health. 2020, 8:152. 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00152
L. Wang, C-reactive protein levels in the early stage of COVID-19, Med. Mal. Infect. 2020312020297146693039907730086, 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.007
H. Li, X. Xiang, H. Ren, L. Xu, L. Zhao, X: SAA is a biomarker to distinguish the severity and prognosis of coronavirus disease. 10.1016. 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.035
F. Liu, L. Li, M. Xu, et al.: Prognostic value of interleukin-6, C reactive protein, and procalcitonin in patients with COVID-19. J. Clin. Virol. 2020, 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104370
W. Ji, G. Bishnu, Z. Cai, X. Shen: Analysis Clinical Features of COVID-19 Infection in Secondary Epidemic Area and Report Potential Biomarkers in Evaluation.medRxiv, (2020. 13:2020. 10.1101/2020.03.10.20033613
Lippi G, Plebani M: Procalcitonin in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19): A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta. 2020, 505:190-191. 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.004
Hu R, Han C, Pei S, et al.: Procalcitonin levels in COVID-19 patients. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020, 56:106051. 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106051
Del Sole F, Farcomeni A, Loffredo L, et al.: Features of severe COVID- 19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest. 2020, 50:13378. 10.1111/eci.13378
YaoY, Cao J, Wang Q, et al.: D-dimer as a biomarker for disease severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a case control study. 2020, 8:49. 10.1186/s40560-020-00466-z
Halaby R, Popma CJ, Cohen A, et al.: D-Dimer elevation and adverse outcomes. J Thromb Thromboly. 2015:55-59. 10.1007/s11239-014-1101-6
Adam SS, Key NS, Greenberg CS: D-dimer antigen: current concepts and future prospects. Blood. 13:2878-2887. 10.1182/blood-2008-06-165845
De Monyé W, Sanson BJ, Mac Gillavry MR, et al.: Embolus location affects the sensitivity of a rapid quantitative D-dimer assay in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. J Respir Crit Care Med. 3:345-348. 10.1164/ajrccm.165.3.2104099
Yu HH, Qin C, Chen M, Wang W, Tian DS: D-dimer level is associated with the severity of COVID-19. Thromb Res. 2020, 195:219-225. 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.07.047
Zhan H, Chen H, Liu C, et al.: Diagnostic Value of D-Dimer in COVID- 19: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2021, 27:10760296211010976. 10.1177/10760296211010976
Shah N, Parikh V, Patel N, et al.: Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio significantly improves the Framingham risk score in prediction of coronary heart disease mortality: Insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-III. Int J Cardiol. 2014, 171:390-397. 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.019
Ciceri F, Beretta L, Scandroglio AM, et al.: Microvascular COVID-19 lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome (MicroCLOTS): an atypical acute respiratory distress syndrome working hypothesis. Crit Care Resusc. 2020, 22:95-97. 10.3316/informit.196503333515429
Kumar, S. (2022). Strategic management of carbon footprint using carbon collectible non-fungible tokens (NFTS) on blockchain. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 21(S3), 1-10
Kumar, S. (2021). Review of geothermal energy as an alternate energy source for Bitcoin mining. Journal of Economics and Economic Education Research, 23(1), 1-12
Ritika Malik, Aarushi Kataria and Naveen Nandal, Analysis of Digital Wallets for Sustainability: A Comparative Analysis between Retailers and Customers, International Journal of Management, 11(7), 2020, pp. 358-370.
Aarushi, Naveen Nandal, Parul Agrawal. AN EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN PRODUCT INNOVATION IN AUTOMOBILE SECTOR. JCR. 2020; 7(2): 522-529. doi:10.31838/jcr.07.02.98
Jimeno S, Ventura PS, CastellanoJM, et al.: Prognostic implications of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in COVID-19. Eur J Clin Invest. 2020, 13404:10.1111/eci.13404
Kalabin A, Mani VRK, Valdivieso SC, Donaldson B: Role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, lymphocyte-to-monocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios as predictors of disease severity in COVID-19 patients. Infez Med. 2021, 1:46-53.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2022 International journal of health sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.








