Evaluating the haematological and inflammatory markers in predicting the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital of Northern India

Abstract

Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus induces coagulation and stimulates the innate immune system. In ICU patients with COVID-19, nothing is known regarding coagulopathy and the response of inflammation and infection. The effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on coagulation, infection, and inflammatory indicators, as well as their relationships, were studied. The study took place in Naraina Medical College and Research Centre, a dedicated COVID-19 referral hospital in Northern India, from April to August 2021. This study only included COVID-19 positive hospitalised cases with RT-PCR confirmation. All blood samples were examined for haematological, coagulation, and inflammatory indicators, and mean results were compared between the three patient groups. All patients had elevated d-dimer and FDP levels, notably non-survivors, who had prolonged PT, APTT, INR, and TT, as well as lower PTA and AT, as compared to survivors. Non-survivors were more likely to develop SIC and DIC. All patients' CRP, ESR, serum ferritin, IL-8, and IL-2R levels increased.