The difference in the immunological parameters of T-cells and B-cells for patients with cancerous blood diseases compared to others when infected with the emerging corona virus
Keywords:
immunological, T-cells, B-cells, cancerous blood, corona virusAbstract
Lymphocytes and T-cell subsets (CD4+T and CD3+T) and CD19 B cells play an important role in maintaining the function of the immune system. The study showed a clear decrease in peripheral lymphocytes in patients with COVID-19, and the reason may be attachment to the virus or indirectly due to immune injuries from inflammatory mediators, and it may lead to the secretion of lymphocytes circulating in the lung tissue Inflammatory conditions also lead to lymphocytopenia, and viral infection can cause an imbalance in the levels of lymphocyte subgroups. The cell surface molecules of CD3 and CD4 T cells and CD19 B cells participate in the humoral immunity against viral infection. A decrease in the level of these cells was observed less in severe cases compared to mild cases. Patients with lymphocytic leukemia often suffer from weak immune status When they are exposed to risk factors for infection with the Corona virus-19
Downloads
References
Zhou, B., Thao, T. T. N., Hoffmann, D., Taddeo, A., Ebert, N., Labroussaa, F., Pohlmann, A., King, J., Steiner, S., Kelly, J. N., Portmann, J., Halwe, N. J., Ulrich, L., Trüeb, B. S., Fan, X., Hoffmann, B., Wang, L., Thomann, L., Lin, X., … Beer, M. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 spike D614G change enhances replication and transmission. Nature, 592(7852), 122–127. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03361-1
Hu, B., Guo, H., Zhou, P., & Shi, Z. L. (2021). Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 19(3), 141–154. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-00459-7
Kumar, B. V., Connors, T. J., & Farber, D. L. (2018). Human T Cell Development, Localization, and Function throughout Life. Immunity, 48(2), 202–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2018.01.007
Yang, G., Feng, F., Li, X., Zhang, T., Li, X., & Li, B. (2021). Changes of lymphocyte subsets in patients with COVID-19 and clinical significance: a case-control observational study. Journal of Bio-X Research, 4(1), 36–39. https://doi.org/10.1097/jbr.0000000000000089
Lebien, T. W., & Tedder, T. F. (2008). B lymphocytes: How they develop and function. Blood, 112(5), 1570–1580. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-02-078071
Sosa-Hernández, V. A., Torres-Ruíz, J., Cervantes-Díaz, R., Romero-Ramírez, S., Páez-Franco, J. C., Meza-Sánchez, D. E., Juárez-Vega, G., Pérez-Fragoso, A., Ortiz-Navarrete, V., Ponce-de-León, A., Llorente, L., Berrón-Ruiz, L., Mejía-Domínguez, N. R., Gómez-Martín, D., & Maravillas-Montero, J. L. (2020). B Cell Subsets as Severity-Associated Signatures in COVID-19 Patients. Frontiers in Immunology, 11(December), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.611004
Kalicińska, E., Szymczak, D., Andrasiak, I., Bogucka-Fedorczuk, A., Zińczuk, A., Szymański, W., Biernat, M., Rymko, M., Semeńczuk, G., Jabłonowska, P., Rybka, J., Simon, K., & Wróbel, T. (2021). Lymphocyte subsets in haematological patients with COVID-19: Multicentre prospective study. Translational Oncology, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100943
Büscher, M. (2019). Flow Cytometry Instrumentation – An Overview. Current Protocols in Cytometry, 87(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/cpcy.52
Zola, H., Swart, B., Nicholson, I., Aasted, B., Bensussan, A., Boumsell, L., Buckley, C., Clark, G., Drbal, K., Engel, P., Hart, D., Horejsí, V., Isacke, C., Macardle, P., Malavasi, F., Mason, D., Olive, D., Saalmueller, A., Schlossman, S. F., … Warren, H. (2005). CD molecules 2005: Human cell differentiation molecules. Blood, 106(9), 3123–3126. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-03-1338
Chetty, R., & Gatter, K. (1994). CD3: Structure, function, and role of immunostaining in clinical practice. In The Journal of Pathology (Vol. 173, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1002/path.1711730404
Luckheeram, R. V., Zhou, R., Verma, A. D., & Xia, B. (2012). CD4 +T cells: Differentiation and functions. Clinical and Developmental Immunology, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/925135
Bobcakova, A., Petriskova, J., Vysehradsky, R., Kocan, I., Kapustova, L., Barnova, M., Diamant, Z., & Jesenak, M. (2021). Immune Profile in Patients With COVID-19: Lymphocytes Exhaustion Markers in Relationship to Clinical Outcome. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 11(April), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.646688
Wang, K., Wei, G., & Liu, D. (2012). CD19: a biomarker for B cell development, lymphoma diagnosis and therapy. Experimental Hematology & Oncology, 1(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/2162-3619-1-36
Sosa-Hernández, V. A., Torres-Ruíz, J., Cervantes-Díaz, R., Romero-Ramírez, S., Páez-Franco, J. C., Meza-Sánchez, D. E., Juárez-Vega, G., Pérez-Fragoso, A., Ortiz-Navarrete, V., Ponce-de-León, A., Llorente, L., Berrón-Ruiz, L., Mejía-Domínguez, N. R., Gómez-Martín, D., & Maravillas-Montero, J. L. (2020). B Cell Subsets as Severity-Associated Signatures in COVID-19 Patients. Frontiers in Immunology, 11(December), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.611004
Kalicińska, E., Szymczak, D., Andrasiak, I., Bogucka-Fedorczuk, A., Zińczuk, A., Szymański, W., Biernat, M., Rymko, M., Semeńczuk, G., Jabłonowska, P., Rybka, J., Simon, K., & Wróbel, T. (2021). Lymphocyte subsets in haematological patients with COVID-19: Multicentre prospective study. Translational Oncology, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100943
Chu, H., Zhou, J., Wong, B. H. Y., Li, C., Chan, J. F. W., Cheng, Z. S., Yang, D., Wang, D., Lee, A. C. Y., Li, C., Yeung, M. L., Cai, J. P., Chan, I. H. Y., Ho, W. K., To, K. K. W., Zheng, B. J., Yao, Y., Qin, C., & Yuen, K. Y. (2016). Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Efficiently Infects Human Primary T Lymphocytes and Activates the Extrinsic and Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathways. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 213(6). https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiv380
Ragab, D., Salah Eldin, H., Taeimah, M., Khattab, R., & Salem, R. (2020). The COVID-19 Cytokine Storm; What We Know So Far. Frontiers in Immunology, 11(June), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01446
Tan, L., Wang, Q., Zhang, D., Ding, J., Huang, Q., Tang, Y. Q., Wang, Q., & Miao, H. (2020). Lymphopenia predicts disease severity of COVID-19: a descriptive and predictive study. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 5(1), 16–18. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-020-0148-4
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2022 International journal of health sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.
