A brief review on pharmacological and phytochemical activity of plantago major LINN.
A review
Keywords:
plantago major, pharmacological effects, phytochemical analysisAbstract
Great plantain, or Plantago major (P. major), is a widely used medicinal plant from the Plantaginaceae family (1). Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) calls Plantago major "Lesan-ol-haml" or "Barhang" (2). Plantago major has been found in Europe, America, and Asia for about 4000 years, according to researchers. Plantago major has a variety of active components, including flavonoids, polysaccharides, terpenoids, lipids, iridoid glycosides, and caffeic acid derivatives (5), and is used to treat constipation, coughing, wounds, infection, fever, bleeding, and inflammation (3). It's a herbaceous perennial with a 15-30 cm wide rosette of leaves. Each leaf is oval in shape, about 5-20 cm long and 4-9 cm wide (occasionally 30 cm long and 17 cm wide), with a sharp apex and smooth border, and five to nine prominent veins. The seeds are tiny, oval in form (0.4–0.8 0.8–1.5 mm), and have a slightly bitter flavour (Samuelsen, 2000). Small greenish-brown flowers with purple stamens are formed in a dense spike 5-15 cm long on top of a stem 13-15 cm tall (occasionally to 70 cm tall). It grows better in compacted soils than most other plants, and it can be seen growing beside walkways, roadsides, and other sites where soil compaction is common.
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