Finding strongly linked between anemia and diabetic foot ulcers
A multi center study
Keywords:
type 2 diabetes, diabetic foot ulcer, anemia, causesAbstract
Objective: Diabetic foot ulcers and anemia are two typical complications of diabetes. For this reason, we set out to gather data on the prevalence of anemia in persons with and without diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) of similar ages and sex. Method: The Department of Medicine HMC hospital Peshawar conducted this multi-center study from October 2020 to October 2021 in their interdisciplinary diabetic foot clinic. Those who took part in the study were split into two groups: those with DFUs (the Case group) and those without (the Control group) (people without DFUs). Biochemical and hematological markers, as well as demographic data, were collected from the outset. DFU in the case group was categorized and staged using the UT system. Anemic subjects with other obvious explanations were not included. Controls were recruited from a diabetes clinic that offered presentations during the same time frame. SPSS version 24 was used for the statistical analysis of the data. Results: A total of 80 people were studied, split evenly between the case and control groups regarding age and gender. Men made up the majority of the 60 participants (74%).
Downloads
References
Agrawal N, Agrawal MK, Kumari T, Kumar S. Correlation between Body Mass Index and Blood Glucose Levels in Jharkhand Population. J Contemp. Med Res. 2017;4(8):1633-1636.
Ali SM, Basit A, Sheikh T, Mumtaz S, Hydrie MZ. Diabetic footulcer-a prospective study. J Pak Med Assoc. 2001;51(2):78-81.
Ali SM, Fareed A, Humail SM, Basit A, Ahmedani MY, Fawwad A, et al. The personal cost of diabetic foot disease in the developing world—a study from Pakistan. Diabetic Med. 2008;25(10):1231-1233. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02529. x.
Al-Rubeaan K, Al Derwish M, Ouizi S, Youssef AM, Subhani SN, Ibrahim HM, et al. Diabetic foot complications and their risk factors from a large retrospective cohort study. PloS One. 2015;10(5):0124446. doi: 10.1371/journal.
Amini S, Fard AS, Annabestani Z, Hammami MR, Shaiganmehr Z, Larijani B. Low- frequency ultrasound debridement in people with diabetic foot ulcers and osteomyelitis. Wounds. 2013;25(7):193-198.
Bates M, Okpara I, Akande T, Petrova NL, Edmonds ME. Anemia in diabetic foot patients: A forgotten complication. Diabetic Med. 2009;26(1):124.
Costa RH, Cardoso NA, Procópio RJ, Navarro TP, Dardik A, de Loiola Cisneros L. Diabetic foot ulcer carries high amputation and mortality rates, particularly in the presence of advanced age, peripheral artery disease, and anemia. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2017;11(Suppl 2): S583-S587. doi: 10.1016/j. dsx.2017.04.008
Eckes EJ. Chelation therapy for iron overload: Nursing practice implications. J Infus Nurs. 2011;34(6):374-380. doi: 10.1097/NAN.0b013e3182306356.
Gomella LG, Haist SA. Laboratory diagnosis: Chemistry, immunology, serology. Clinician’s pocket reference. 2007.
Gul A, Basit A, Ali SM, Ahmadani MY, Miyan Z. Role of wound classification in predicting the outcome of diabetic foot ulcer. J Pak Med Assoc. 2006;56(10):444-447.
Honda Y, Watanabe T, Otaki Y, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, et al. Gender differences in the impact of anemia on subclinical myocardial damage and cardiovascular mortality in the general population: The Yamagata (Takahata) study. Int J Cardiol. 2018;252:207-212.
Ince P, Abbas ZG, Lutale JK, Basit A, Ali SM, Chohan F, etal. Use of the SINBAD classification system and score in comparing the outcome of foot ulcer management on three continents. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(5):964-967. doi: 10.2337/ dc07-2367
Mehdi U, Toto RD. Anemia, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:1320-1326. doi: 10.2337/ dc08-0779
Riaz M, Miyan Z, Zaidi SI, Alvi SF, Fawwad A, Ahmadani MY, et al. Characteristics of a large cohort of patients with diabetes having at-risk feet and outcomes in patients with foot ulceration referred to a tertiary care diabetes unit. Int Wound J. 2016;13(5):594-599. doi: 10.1111/iwj.12289.Pathophysiology and differential diagnosis of anemia. Available at: www.esh.org/files/doc/IRON2009_CAP.4%28108-141%29.pdf. [Last Assessed on 8-5-19].
Sharif A, Younus S, Baig K, Ali NH. Prevalence and risk of anemia in type-2 diabetic patients. Health. 2014;6(12):1415-1419.
Wright JA, Oddy MJ, Richards T. Presence and characterization of anemia in diabetic foot ulceration. Anemia. 2014;2014. doi: 10.1155/2014/104214.
Yun JS, Cha SA, Lim TS, Lee EY, Song KH, Ahn YB, et al. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction predicts diabetic foot ulcers in patients with type 2 diabetes without diabetic polyneuropathy. Medicine. 2016;95(12):e3128. doi: 10.1097/ MD.0000000000003128.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2023 International journal of health sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.
