Molecular detection of some virulence gene of Helicobacter pylori isolated from patients with gastroenteritis in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate/Iraq
Keywords:
gastroenteritis, Helicobcter pylori, molecular detection, virulence factorsAbstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections worldwide. So, This study aimed to detect Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastroenteritis symptoms by molecular method Polymeraee chain reaction (PCR) . This study was conducted in AL- Diwaniyah province/Iraq and included 40 patients with age ranged from 11 to 56 years and they were males and females. The Physician diagnosed patients with stomach and intestinal infections. Samples were collected from the Consultant Internal Medicine and the Division of Gastroenterology at Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital during the period from October 2021 to March 2022 . Tissue biopsy samples were collected from patients suffering from gastroenteritis in the Gastrointestinal Division. Three tissue biopsies were removed from the gastric antrum of each patient using forceps for endoscopy. The total number of samples was 20. Also, 20 Stool samples were collected from patients and then placed in a sterile container. Helicobacter pylori were diagnosed according to the diagnostic gene 16SrRNA in 12 samples with a percentage of 30% .
Downloads
References
Abu-Taleb, A. M. F., Abdelattef, R. S., Abdel-Hady, A. A., Omran, F. H., El-Korashi, L. A., Abdel-Aziz El-Hady, H., & El-Gebaly, A. M. (2018). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori cagA and iceA Genes and Their Association with Gastrointestinal Diseases. International Journal of Microbiology, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4809093
Al-Sabary, A. H., Abdul Razzaq, M. S., & Wtwt, M. A. (2017). Genotyping of Helicobacter Pylori isolated from Iraqi patient with upper gastrointestinal disease. Journal of Global Pharma Technology, 9(9PartB), 121–127.
Ali, A., Naz, A., Soares, S. C., Bakhtiar, M., Tiwari, S., Hassan, S. S., Hanan, F., Ramos, R., Pereira, U., Barh, D., Figueiredo, H. C. P., Ussery, D. W., Miyoshi, A., Silva, A., & Azevedo, V. (2015). Pan-genome analysis of human gastric pathogen H. pylori: Comparative genomics and pathogenomics approaches to identify regions associated with pathogenicity and prediction of potential core therapeutic targets. BioMed Research International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/139580
Ashton-Key, M., Diss, T. C., & Isaacson, P. G. (1996). Detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy and resection specimens. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 49(2), 107–111. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.49.2.107
Bakir, W. A. (2018). Detection of DNA H. pylori and distribution of CagA genotype in cancerous and precancerous tissue. Iraqi Journal of Cancer and Medical Genetics, 5(2).
De la Cruz, M. A., Ares, M. A., Bargen, K. von, Panunzi, L. G., Martínez-Cruz, J., Valdez-Salazar, H. A., Jiménez-Galicia, C., & Torres, J. (2017). Gene expression profiling of transcription factors of Helicobacter pylori under different environmental conditions. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8(APR), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00615
El-Shenawy, A., Diab, M., Shemis, M., El-Ghannam, M., Salem, D., Abdelnasser, M., Shahin, M., Abdel-Hady, M., El-Sherbini, E., & Saber, M. (2017). Detection of Helicobacter pylori vacA, cagA and iceA1 virulence genes associated with gastric diseases in Egyptian patients. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 18(4), 365–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmhg.2017.04.003
El Khadir, M., Alaoui Boukhris, S., Benajah, D. A., El Rhazi, K., Adil Ibrahimi, S., El Abkari, M., Harmouch, T., Nejjari, C., Mahmoud, M., Benlemlih, M., & Bennani, B. (2017). VacA and CagA status as biomarker of two opposite end outcomes of Helicobacter pylori infection (gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer) in a Moroccan population. PLoS ONE, 12(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170616
Essawi, T., Hammoudeh, W., Sabri, I., Sweidan, W., & Farraj, M. A. (2013a). Determination of Helicobacter pylori Virulence Genes in Gastric Biopsies by PCR . ISRN Gastroenterology, 2013(August 2012), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/606258
Essawi, T., Hammoudeh, W., Sabri, I., Sweidan, W., & Farraj, M. A. (2013b). Determination of Helicobacter pylori Virulence Genes in Gastric Biopsies by PCR . ISRN Gastroenterology, 2013(August 2012), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/606258
Eusebi, L. H., Zagari, R. M., & Bazzoli, F. (2014). Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Helicobacter, 19(S1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12165
Hackett, R. J., & Preston, S. L. (2021). H.pylori infection, part I: clinical burden and diagnosis. Trends in Urology & Men’s Health, 12(3), 13–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/tre.801
Hashi, K., Imai, C., Yahara, K., Tahmina, K., Hayashi, T., Azuma, T., Miyabe-Nishiwaki, T., Sato, H., Matsuoka, M., Niimi, S., Okamoto, M., & Hatakeyama, M. (2018). Evaluating the origin and virulence of a Helicobacter pylori cagA-positive strain isolated from a non-human primate. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34425-4
Idowu, A., Mzukwa, A., Harrison, U., Palamides, P., Haas, R., Mbao, M., Mamdoo, R., Bolon, J., Jolaiya, T., Smith, S., Ally, R., Clarke, A., & Njom, H. (2019). Detection of Helicobacter pylori and its virulence genes (cagA, dupA, and vacA) among patients with gastroduodenal diseases in Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, South Africa. BMC Gastroenterology, 19(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-019-0986-0
Jabbar, A. M., & AL-Obaidi, A. (2015). Isolation and Molecular Detection of Helicobacter Pylori from Biopsy Samples of Gastritis Patients in Iraq. International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences (IJRSB), 3(5), 1–8.
Khiddi, F., Abdellahi, M. val M., Horma, M. A., Billoet, A., Collobert, G., Amar, A. M., Nech, H. D. M., Vadel, E. H. M., Houmeida, A., Raymond, J., Dauga, C., & Gastli, N. (2020). Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients. Helicobacter, 25(5), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12726
MacFaddin, J. F. (2000). Biochemical tests for identification of medical bacteria, Williams and Wilkins. Philadelphia, PA, 113.
Mentis, A., Lehours, P., & Mégraud, F. (2015). Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter, 20, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12250
Momtaz, H., Dabiri, H., Souod, N., & Gholami, M. (2014). Study of Helicobacter pylori genotype status in cows, sheep, goats and human beings. BMC Gastroenterology, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-14-61
Mousavi, S., Dehkordi, F. S., & Rahimi, E. (2014). Virulence factors and antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori isolated from raw milk and unpasteurized dairy products in Iran. Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases, 20(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1678-9199-20-51
Pandya, H. B., Agravat, H. H., & Patel, J. S. (2017). Prevalence of specific helicobacter pylori CagA, VacA, IceA, UreC genotypes and its clinical relevance in the patients with acid-peptic diseases. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 11(8), DC23–DC26. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2017/27812.10457
Pichon, M., Pichard, B., Barrioz, T., Plouzeau, C., Croquet, V., Fotsing, G., Chéron, A., Vuillemin, É., Wangermez, M., Haineaux, P. A., Vasseur, P., Thiebault, Q., Lefèvre, C., de Singly, A., Cremniter, J., Broutin, L., Michaud, A., Silvain, C., & Burucoa, C. (2020). Diagnostic accuracy of a noninvasive test for detection of helicobacter pylori and resistance to clarithromycin in stool by the Amplidiag H. Pylori+clarir real-time PCR assay. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 58(4), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01787-19
Ranjbar, R., Farsani, F. Y., & Dehkordi, F. S. (2018). Phenotypic analysis of antibiotic resistance and genotypic study of the vacA, cagA, iceA, oipA and babA genotypes of the Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from raw milk. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control, 7(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-018-0409-y
Ricci, C., Holton, J., & Vaira, D. (2007). Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori: Invasive and non-invasive tests. Best Practice and Research: Clinical Gastroenterology, 21(2), 299–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpg.2006.11.002
Singh, V., Mishra, S., Rao, G. R. K., Jain, A. K., Dixit, V. K., Gulati, A. K., Mahajan, D., McClelland, M., & Nath, G. (2008). Evaluation of nested PCR in detection of Helicobacter pylori targeting a highly conserved gene: HSP60. Helicobacter, 13(1), 30–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2008.00573.x
Šterbenc, A., Jarc, E., Poljak, M., & Homan, M. (2019). Helicobacter pylori virulence genes. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 25(33), 4870–4884. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i33.4870
Subsomwong, P., Miftahussurur, M., Uchida, T., Vilaichone, R. K., Ratanachu-Ek, T., Mahachai, V., & Yamaoka, Y. (2017). Prevalence, risk factors, and virulence genes of Helicobacter pylori among dyspeptic patients in two different gastric cancer risk regions of Thailand. PLoS ONE, 12(10), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187113
Szymczak, A., Ferenc, S., Majewska, J., Miernikiewicz, P., Gnus, J., Witkiewicz, W., & Dąbrowska, K. (2020). Application of 16S rRNA gene sequencing in Helicobacter pylori detection. PeerJ, 2020(3), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9099
Tanih, N. F., McMillan, M., Naidoo, N., Ndip, L. M., Weaver, L. T., & Ndip, R. N. (2010). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori vacA, cagA and iceA genotypes in South African patients with upper gastrointestinal diseases. Acta Tropica, 116(1), 68–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.05.011
Tiwari, S. K., Khan, A. A., Manoj, G., Ahmed, S., Abid, Z., Habeeb, A., & Habibullah, C. M. (2007). A simple multiplex PCR assay for diagnosing virulent Helicobacter pylori infection in human gastric biopsy specimens from subjects with gastric carcinoma and other gastro-duodenal diseases. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 103(6), 2353–2360. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03478.x
Waite, D. W., Vanwonterghem, I., Rinke, C., Parks, D. H., Zhang, Y., Takai, K., Sievert, S. M., Simon, J., Campbell, B. J., Hanson, T. E., Woyke, T., Klotz, M. G., & Hugenholtz, P. (2017). Comparative genomic analysis of the class Epsilonproteobacteria and proposed reclassification to epsilonbacteraeota (phyl. nov.). Frontiers in Microbiology, 8(APR). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00682
Weng, M. T., Chiu, Y. T., Wei, P. Y., Chiang, C. W., Fang, H. L., & Wei, S. C. (2019). Microbiota and gastrointestinal cancer. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 118(7), S32–S41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2019.01.002
Yamaoka, Y., & Graham, D. Y. (2014). Helicobacter pylori virulence and cancer pathogenesis. Future Oncology, 10(8), 1487–1500. https://doi.org/10.2217/fon.14.29
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2022 International journal of health sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.