Epidemiological and histological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf governorate

https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS6.12367

Authors

  • Sahar Jaber Mohsen AL-Hassani Republic of Iraq/University of Kufa-Faculty of Education for Girls-Department of Biology
  • Aseel Ibrahim Musailem AL-Bsherawee Republic of Iraq/University of Kufa-Faculty of Education for Girls-Department of Biology

Keywords:

epidemiological, histological, cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans

Abstract

The current study, which was conducted during the period from 1  | 10 | 2020 to 30 | 12 | 2021 Examination of 318 people arriving at Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital, Al-Hakim Hospital, Al-Manathera General Hospital, Al- Haidariya General Hospital and some health centres in the governorate. A comparison has been made between the rates of cutaneous leishmaniasis infection in the centre of the governorate and some districts and the northern and southern regions affiliated to it, based on the information on the form of the people from whom the study samples were taken. The results of the current study showed that the number of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis reached 65 cases at a rate of ( 100 %) and that 253 injuries at a rate of(100%) were for other skin diseases. The highest injuries were recorded in males (46) with a rate of (70.8%) and the lowest in females with and at a rate of (29.2%). The highest injuries were in the age group (20-11) years (22) with a rate of (33.8), and the lowest injuries were in The category (70-61) years has one inhavey, at a rate of (1.5%).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abu Dawanij , Hassan Zaati Abadi ( 2014 ) A study of some epidemiological aspects of leishmaniasis . Leishmaniasis and Parasite Diagnosis Using Nested -Kinetoplast Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique Minicircle DNA-PCR In Maysan Governorate, Master Thesis, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basra - Iraq.

Al Shukr, Ban Shaker Abdul Amir (2012) . Diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis

Al-Abdullah, Shtiwi (2012) . Physiology, first edition. Dar Al-Masira for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.

Al-Hassani, Mohamed Kamel Karim Taher (2020) Study of the levels of some trace elements in blood serum and their relationship with some antioxidant enzymes and immune factors in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis and white rats . PhD thesis . Faculty of Education. Al-Qadisiyah University.

Al-Moussawi, Azhar Musa Jaafar (2015) . Molecular and Immunological Study of Cutaneous Leishmania in Central and Southern Governorates . PhD thesis . College of Education for Pure Sciences. Karbala University.

Al-Musawi, Nabil Abdul-Jabbar Abdul-Kadhim ( 2015 ) Investigation of cutaneous leishmaniasis and knowledge of the role of heat shock protein HSP70 in the immune response in Dhi Qar Governorate, Master's thesis, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Dhi Qar, Iraq.

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by PCR technique with studying the effect of plant extracts on parasite numbers and viability ex vivo. Master's Thesis. College of Education for Girls. University of Kufa

Dafi’i , Rana Saleh Sahib Mahlol ( 2013 ) , The prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate with evaluation of the response to treatment with Bent and TTM by RT-PCR , Master’s thesis, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah .

Daham, Amal Kamel and Al- Alusi , Tawfiq Ibrahim (2011) . Epidemiological survey of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Salah El-Din Governorate. Diyala Locality for Agricultural Sciences.

Darmadi, N. M., Edi, D. G. S., Kawan, I. M., Semariyani, A. A. M., & Sudiarta, I. W. (2018). The changes in protein content, moisture content, and organoleptic pindang of auxis thazard due to re-boiling stored in cold temperatures. International Journal of Life Sciences, 2(3), 75–85. https://doi.org/10.29332/ijls.v2n3.210

Fagundes -Silva GA, Vieira- Goncalves R, Nepomuceno MP, de Souza MA, Favoreto S, Jr., Oliveira- Neto MP, Da-Cruz AM, Gomes-Silva A: Decrease in anti- Leishmania lgG3 and IgGI after cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion healing is correlated with the time of clinical cure. Parasite immunology 2012 ,

Farzin , L., & Moassesi , ME (2014. A comparison of serum selenium, zinc and copper level in visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis . Journal of research in medical sciences: the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 19(4)), 355.

Fazel Torshizi , F., Chamani , M., Khodaei , HR, Sadeghi , AA, Hejazi , SH, & Heravi , RM (2020). Therapeutic effects of organic zinc on reproductive hormones, insulin resistance and. Iranian Journal Q/ Basic Medical Sciences, 23(1), 36-45.

Fernandez-Flores, A., & Rodriguez- Peralto , JL (2016). Morphological and immunohistochemical clues for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis and the interpretation of CD la status. Joumal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 74(3), 536-543.

Firmino -Cruz, L., Ramos, TD, da Fonseca-Martin, AM, Maciel , D., da Silva, G. 0., dos Santos, JS, et al. (2019). Bl lymphocytes can produce IL-10 but is not pathogenic during Leishmania ( Leishmania ) amazonensis infection. Immunobiology . doi : 10. 1016/j. imbio . 2019. 10. 006. [ Epub ahead of print].

Flegontov P, Votypka J, Skalick'y T, Logacheva MD, Penin AA, Tanifuji G, et al. Paratrypanosoma is a novel early-branching ttypanosomatid . Curr Biol. 2013; 23: 1787—93. doi : 045 PMID: 24012313 .

Foreign sources:

Franco, R. , Navarro, G., & Martinez- Pinilla , E. (2019). Antioxidant defense mechanisms in erythrocytes and in the central nervous system. Antioxidants, 8(2), 46.

Galati EAB Classificaqäo , mofologiat terminology e identificacäo de Adultos : Bioecologia e identificagäo de Phlebotominae . In: Rangel EF, Lainson R., editors. Flebotomineos do Brasil . FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, 2014. p. 367 .

Geraldo, MM, Costa, CR, Barbosa, FM, Vivanco , BC, Gonzaga, WF, Novaes E Brito , RR, et al. (2016). In vivo and in vitro phagocytosis of Leishmania ( Leishmania ) amazonensis promastigotes by Bl cells. Parasite Immunol . 38, 365—376. doi : 10.1111/pim.12324.

Ghorbel , 1., Chaabane , M., Elwej , A., Boudawara , O., Abdelhedi , S., Jamoussi , K., Zeghal , N. (2016). Expression of metallothioneins I and Il related to oxidative stress in the liver of aluminum -treated rats. Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 122(4), 214-222.

Giraud, E., Svobodová , M. , Müller, I. , Volf , P. , & Rogers, M. (2019). Promastigote secretory gel from natural and unnatural sand fly vectors exacerbate Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica cutaneous leishmaniasis in mice. Parasitology, 1-7.

Gomes RF, Melo MN, Soto M et al: Evaluation of parasitological and immunological parameters of Leishmania chagasi infection in BALB/c mice using different doses and routes of infection of parasites. Parasitology research 2012, 110(3):1277-1285 .

Goto H, Lauletta Lindoso JA: Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis ; Infectious disease clinics of North America 2012 ,

Gouzelou E, Haralambous C, Amro A, Mentis A, Pratlong F, Dedet JP, Votypka J, Volf P, Toz SO, Kuhls K, et al: Multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) of strains from Turkey and Cyprus reveals a novel monophyletic L Donovani _ sensu Iato group. PLOS neglected tropical diseases 2012 , 6(2): e1507.

Grekov l, Svobodova M, Nohynkova E, Lipoldova M: Preparation of highly infective Leishmania promastigotes by cultivation on SNB-9 biphasic medium. J Microbiol Methods 2011 .

Gualtieri AF, Andreozzi GB, Tomatis M., & Turci F. (2019). Iron from a geochemical viewpoint. Understanding toxicity/ pathogenicity mechanisms in iron-bearing minerals with a special attention to mineral fibers. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 133, 21-37.

Gultekin , M., & Voyvoda , H. (2017). Evaluation of oxidative status in dogs with anemia. Med. Weter , 73(8), 496-499.

Guzman, ML; Compadre , CM Dehydroleucodine , a Sesquiterpene Lactone from Gynoxys verrucosa ,

Hamzeloo-Moghadam , M.; Aghaei , M.; Fallahian , F.; Jafari , SM; Dolati , M.; Abdolmohammadi , MH .; Hajiahmadi , S.; Esmaeili , S. Britannin , a sesquiterpene lactone, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial signaling pathway in human breast cancer cells. Tumor Biol. 2015, 2, 1191—1198. [CrossRef1 [PubMed].

Hanniffy S (presenting author), Sånchez C, Cunha J, Carrillo, Caäavate C, Moreno J: Mucosal vaccination using non-pathogenic lactic acid bacteria as a strategy to prevent morbidity and mortality caused by visceral Leishmaniasis European Journal TM&/H Tropical Medicine & International Health 2011, 16 (Supplement 1 Special Issue: Abstracts of the 7th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health 3-6 October 2011 Barcelona, Spain.):198 .

Hanniffy S (presenting author), Sånchez C, Cunha J, Carrillo, Cafiavate C, Moreno J: Mucosal vaccination using non-pathogenic lactic acid bacteria as a strategy to prevent morbidity and mortality caused by visceral Leishmaniasis . 7th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health, October 3-6, 201 1, Barcelona, Spain, Poster 1.3-106

Hashiguchi, K., Velez, LN, Kato, H., Criollo , HF, Romero- Alvalez , DA, Gomez, EAL, Martini-robles, L., Zambrano , FC, Calvopina , MH, Caceres, AG, Hashiguchi, Y ., 2014. Sand flies ( Diptera , Psychodidae , phlebotominae ) in different leishmaniasis -endemic areas of Ecuador, surveyed by using a newly named mini- shannon trap. Trop. Med. Health 42, 163-170, http://dx.doi.org/10.2149/tmh.2014-20 .

Heidarpour M; Soltani S, Mohri M, Khoshnegah J. (2012). Canine visceral leishmaniasis : relationships between oxidative stress, liver and kidney variables, trace elements, and clinical status. Parasitol Res.; ll 1:1491-6. doi : 10.1007/s00436-012-2985-8. PubMed PMID: 22669694.

Hoffbr , AV, & Steensma , DP (2019). Hoffbrand's essential haematology : John Wiley & Sons.

Horta , MF, Mendes BP, Roma EH, Noronha FS, Macedo JP, et al. (2012) Reactivbe oxygen species and nitric oxide in cutaneous leishmaniasis . J parasitol Res 2012: 203818 .

Jacobson RL (2011) Leishmaniasis in an era of conflict in the middle East. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 11:247-258 .

Jafari , M., Shirbazou , S., Sadraie , S. H. , Kaka, G., & Norozi , M. (2015). The role of apoptosis in the cellular response of liver an spleen of BALB/c mice in cutaneous leishmaniasis . Iranian journal of medical sciences, 40(2), 133.

Jaouen , K., Pouilloux , L., Baiter, V., Pons, M.-L., Hublin, J.-J. , & Albaréde , F. (2019). Dynamic homeostasis modeling of Zn isotope ratios in the human body. Metallomics , 11(6), 1049-1059.

Jha , T. (2016). Epidemi of drug-resistant -azar in India and South kala countries Kala Azar in Asia (pp. 33-51): Springer.

Journal of immunology 2010 ,

Kadhim , KH, Karim , AJ, & Kadhim , KK (2020). HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE LIVER AND GALL BLADDER OF ADULT MALE COMMON CARP CYPRINUS CARPIO. Plant Archives, 20(1), 438-442.

Kahvaz , MS, Soltani , S., Soltani , S., Carvalheiro , MC, & Foroutan , M. (2020). Low Serum Levels of Selenium, Zinc, Iron, and Zinc/Copper Ratio in an Endemic Region of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Southwest Iran. Biological trace element research, 1-6.

Kamhawi , S. (2017 . The yin and yang of leishmaniasis control. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 1 1 (4), e0005529.

Kashkol, Abbas Hayawi ( 2009 ). Some Environmental and Biological Aspects of Harms Phlebotominae ( Diptea :psychodidae ) and the epidemic of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Al- Diyaniyah governorate . Master.College Sciences . Al- Qadisiyah University: 99 p.

Kato, H., Gomez, EAL, Fujita, M., Ishimaru , Y., Uezato , H., Mimori , T., lwata , H., Hashiguchi, Y., 2015. Aydaulin , a novel RGD peptide with dual antihemostatic activities from the sand fly Lutzomyia ayacuchensis , a vector of Andean-type cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ecuador. Biochim 112, 49-56.

Kato, H., Jochim , RC, Gomez, EAL, Uezato , H., Mimori , T., Korenaga , M., Katakura, K., Valenzuela, JG, Hashiguchi, Y., 2013b. Analysis of salivary gland transcripts of the sand fly Lutzomyia ayacuchensis , a vector of Ecuadorian Andes-type cutaneous leishmaniasis . Inf. Genet. Evol . 13, 56-66.

Kaye P, Scott P: Leishmaniasis : complexity at the host-pathogen interface. Nature Reviews Microbiology 2011 ,

Khan, AZ, Kumbhar , S., Liu, Y., Hamid, M., Pan, C., Nido , SA, & Huang, K. (2018). Dietary supplementation of selenium-enriched probiotics enhances meat quality of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus ) raised under high ambient temperature. Biological trace element research, 182(2), 328-338.

Khidoyatova, M. R., Kayumov, U. K., Inoyatova, F. K., Fozilov, K. G., Khamidullaeva, G. A., & Eshpulatov, A. S. (2022). Clinical status of patients with coronary artery disease post COVID-19. International Journal of Health & Medical Sciences, 5(1), 137-144. https://doi.org/10.21744/ijhms.v5n1.1858

Kuhls K, Alam MZ, Cupolillo E, Ferreira GE, Mauricio IL, Oddone R, et al. (2011) Comparative microsatellite typing of new world Leishmania infantum reveals low heterogeneity among populations and its recent old world origin. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 5: el 155. doi : PMID: 21666787 .

Kumar R, Nylen S: Immunobiology of visceral leishmaniasis. Frontiers in immunology 2012, 3:251.

Mayali , Hadi Madlool Hamza (2014) . Evaluation and use of some immunological tests in the epidemiological study of leishmaniasis in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate. PhD thesis . College of Education for Girls, University of Al-Qadisiyah.

Moker, Hanadi Mohsen Mahdi (2006) . Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Basra Governorate, an epidemiological, immunological and therapeutic study, a master's thesis. College of Science, University of Basra.

Parasite, Rasha Amer Nouri (2003) The epidemiology of leishmaniasis and its relationship to the vector insect Harms. stinger Psychodidae : Diptera in Najaf Governorate. Master Thesis . College of Science, University of Kufa.

Salman, Reem Ihsan Youssef (2017) . Study of some immunological aspects and histological effects of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in Najaf Governorate. Master Thesis . College of Education for Girls, University of Kufa.

Shaban, Maha and Nahas, Samar (2004) . Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis for auditors of the Dermatology and Venereology Hospital and Comprehensive Clinics in Damascus. Damascus University Journal of Basic Sciences Volume 19 First Issue: 124-113

Widana, I.K., Sumetri, N.W., Sutapa, I.K., Suryasa, W. (2021). Anthropometric measures for better cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 29(3), 550–561. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.22202

Yasiri , Saleh Mahdi (2012) . Study of the relationship of sand fly species with leishmaniasis in Maysan Governorate. Maysan Research Journal, Volume Eight, Issue Sixteen.

Published

02-09-2022

How to Cite

AL-Hassani, S. J. M., & AL-Bsherawee, A. I. M. (2022). Epidemiological and histological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf governorate. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(S6), 8874–8895. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS6.12367

Issue

Section

Peer Review Articles