The  association of diabetes and obesity with severity of dengue fever: An immunopathology update

Sidra Noureen; Adil Abbas; Mehboob Alam; Maria Bibi; Muhammad Wajahat; Dur-e-Shahwar Dur-e-Shahwar; Ijaz Ahmad; Usama Ahmed; Afifa Tanveer; Sabrina Sajjad; Mehtab Khurshid; Shah Zeb

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6nS8.13999

Authors

Sidra Noureen Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
Adil Abbas Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus
Mehboob Alam Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Maria Bibi Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Haripur
Muhammad Wajahat
397wajahat@gmail.com
Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Pakistan/ Laboratory Technologist, POF Hospital, Pakistan
Dur-e-Shahwar College of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Ijaz Ahmad Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra
Usama Ahmed Biosafety Level-III Laboratory, District Headquarter Teaching Hospital, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
Afifa Tanveer Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad
Sabrina Sajjad Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad
Mehtab Khurshid Department of Microbiology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Pakistan
Shah Zeb Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Haripur & Department of Microbiology & Infection Prevention and Control, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Center, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan

Keywords:

dengue virus, cytokines, obesity, diabetes immune system

Abstract

The arboviral infection dengue represents a global public health risk as the frequency of cases climbs across period and is anticipated to do so in the future. The fundamental mechanisms behind the concept between obesity and dengue, however, are rarely discussed. A number of variables, including the existence of cytokines that increase inflammatory response and deregulation of endothelium barrier protein production, contribute to plasma permeability, a defining feature of severe dengue. The key diabetes-related variables that impact endothelium functioning include th-1 skewed responses and the production of junctional-related proteins. Additionally, obesity affects lipid metabolism and the immune system, which increases viral multiplication and inflammatory processes. The common factor among individuals with diabetes and obesity is chronic inflammation, which results in endothelial dysfunction. Explored along with the disease's relationships with diabetes and obesity are the potential causes of comorbidities in severe dengue.

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