A study of stress, depression, and anxiety in secondary school students during COVID-19 lockdown in India by reinforcement learning framework using Q learning algorithm techniques in machine learning
Keywords:
Reinforcement learning framework, Machine Learning, Q Learning Algorithm, student psychologyAbstract
During the lockdown time, schoolchildren experience a variety of psychological difficulties. Stakeholders would be responsible for enlisting mental health specialists to assist in the resolution of such situations. As a result of the epidemic, schooling faces a unique set of challenges. There have been a number of cancellations due to the COVID 19 crisis. It is important for students’ mental health to be taken into consideration when a public health emergency occurs. When it comes to addressing this issue, it is advised that the government and schools work together to find a solution. It was the major goal of this study to determine the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression among high school students. Because of their mental health issues, such as stress, worry, and depression, students require specific treatment, according to the report. Using the Q Learning Algorithms, a model-free learning method followed throughout the survey. Based on the survey, it concludes that students experienced a variety of personal issues, such as boredom, sadness, anxiety, discomfort of staying at home, and problems with not meeting with friends, among other things.
Downloads
References
A. Conto, M. Carolina, S. Akseer, T. Dreesen, A. Kamei, S. Mizunoya and A. Rigole, Covid-19: Effects of school closures on foundational skills and promising practices for monitoring and mitigating learning loss, Innocenti Working Papers (2020), 2020-13.
S. Grover, S. Sahoo, A. Mehra, A. Avasthi, A. Tripathi, A. Subramanyan, A. Pattojoshi, G. Rao, G. Saha, K. Mishra, K. Chakraborty, N. Rao, M. Vaishnav, O. Singh, P. Dalal, R. Chadda, R. Gupta, S. Gautam, S. Sarkar, T. S. Rao, V. Kumar and Y. J. Reddy, Psychological impact of COVID-19 lockdown: An online survey from india, Indian Journal of Psychiatry 62(4) p. 354 (2020).
Covid-19 and children - UNICEF data. (n.d.). retrieved May 27, 2021, https://data.unicef.org/covid-19-and-children/.
A. Pragholapati, COVID-19 impact on students, Center for Open Science (May 2020).
B. Shanmugaraj, K. Siriwattananon, K. Wangkanont and W. Phoolcharoen, Perspectives on monoclonal antibody therapy as potential therapeutic intervention for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy Immunology 38(1) 10–18 (2020).
I. A. Magomedov, M. S.-U. Khaliev and S. M. Khubolov, The negative and positive impact of the pandemic on education, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1691 p. 012134 (November 2020).
U. Rehman, M. G. Shahnawaz, N. H. Khan, K. D. Kharshiing, M. Khursheed, K. Gupta, D. Kashyap and R. Uniyal, Depression, anxiety and stress among indians in times of covid-19 lockdown, Community Mental Health Journal 57 42–48 (June 2020).
P. Chetterje, Gaps in india's preparedness for COVID-19 control, The Lancet Infectious Diseases 20 p. 544 (May 2020).
C. Huang, Y. Wang, X. Li, L. Ren, J. Zhao, Y. Hu, L. Zhang, G. Fan, J. Xu, X. Gu, Z. Cheng, T. Yu, J. Xia, Y. Wei, W. Wu, X. Xie, W. Yin, H. Li, M. Liu, Y. Xiao, H. Gao, L. Guo, J. Xie, G. Wang, R. Jiang, Z. Gao, Q. Jin, J. Wang and B. Cao, Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in wuhan, china, The Lancet 395 497–506 (February 2020).
A. Kousoulis, S. Mcdaid, D. Crepaz-Keay, S. Solomon, C. Lombardo, J. Yap, L. Weeks, C. O’sullivan, R. Baird, R. Grange, T. Giugliano, L. Knifton, M. Rowland, T. Van Bortel, A. John, A. Morton and G. Davidson, The divergence of mental health experiences during the coronavirus pandemic - mental health in the pandemic series, Mental Health Foundation (July 2020).
S. Verma and A. Mishra, Depression, anxiety, and stress and socio-demographic correlates among general indian public during COVID-19, International Journal of Social Psychiatry 66 756–762 (June 2020).
G. M. Leung, The impact of community psychological responses on outbreak control for severe acute respiratory syndrome in hong kong, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 57 857–863 (November 2003).
IESALC report analyzes the impacts of COVID-19 and offers recommendations to governments and institutions of higher education, https://tinyurl.com/2sdy9ndh/ (2020).
R. Stanton, Q. G. To, S. Khalesi, S. L. Williams, S. J. Alley, T. L. Thwaite, A. S. Fenning and C. Vandelanotte, Depression, anxiety and stress during COVID-19: Associations with changes in physical activity, sleep, tobacco and alcohol use in australian adults, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17 p. 4065 (June 2020).
Z. Cao, Q. Zhang, X. Lu, D. Pfeiffer, Z. Jia, H. Song and D. D. Zeng, Estimating the effective reproduction number of the 2019-nCoV in China, medRxiv (2020).
S. Kapetanovic, S. Gurdal, B. Ander and E. Sorbring, Reported changes in adolescent psychosocial functioning during the COVID-19 outbreak, Adolescents 1 10–20 (January 2021).
S. Dhawan, Online learning: A panacea in the time of COVID-19 crisis, Journal of Educational Technology Systems 49 5–22 (June 2020).
Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Scales (DASS), http://www2.psy.unsw.edu.au/dass/ .
J. DiGiovanna, B. Mahmoudi, J. Mitzelfelt, J. C. Sanchez and J. C. Principe, Brain-machine interface control via reinforcement learning, in 2007 3rd International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (IEEE, May 2007).
H. Kaya, Investigation of the effect of online education on eye health in covid-19 pandemic, International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education 488–496 (August 2020).
T. Gonzalez, M. A. de la Rubia, K. P. Hincz, M. Comas-Lopez, L. Subirats, S. Fort and G. M. Sacha, Influence of COVID-19 confinement on students’ performance in higher education, PLOS ONE 15 p. e0239490 (October 2020).
K. Barrafrem, D. V¨astfja¨ll and G. Tingho¨g, Financial well-being, COVID-19, and the financial better-than-average-effect, Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance 28 p. 100410 (December 2020).
M. Youn and J. L, The influence of maternal employment on children’s learning growth and the role of parental involvement, Early Childhood Development and Care 182(9) p. 1227–1246 (2012).
R. M. Joaquim, A. L. Pinto, R. F. Guatimosim, J. J. de Paula, D. S. Costa, A. P. Diaz, A. G. da Silva, M. I. Pinheiro, A. L. Serpa, D. M. Miranda and L. F. Malloy-Diniz, Bereavement and psychological distress during COVID-19 pandemics: The impact of death experience on mental health, Current Research in Behavioral Sciences 2 p. 100019 (November 2021).
N. M. Hager, M. R. Judah and A. L. Milam, Loneliness and depression in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Boredom and repetitive negative thinking as mediators (November 2020).
M. Fawaz and A. Samaha, E-learning: Depression, anxiety, and stress symptomatology among lebanese university students during COVID-19 quarantine, Nursing Forum 56 52–57 (October 2020).
V. Schroeder and M. K, Family environment and parent-child relationships as related to executive functioning in children, Early Child Development and Care 180(1) p. 1285–1298.
M. Sood, A. Mahapatra and R. K. Chadda, Use of mobile phones by patients with serious mental illness attending a general hospital psychiatric outpatient service in india, Asian Journal of Psychiatry 45 61–62 (October 2019).
Annual Report 2017-18 Government of India Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. retrieved May 28, 2021, http://www.mospi.gov.in .
J. M. Fegert, B. Vitiello, P. L. Plener and V. Clemens, Challenges and burden of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic for child and adolescent mental health: a narrative review to highlight clinical and research needs in the acute phase and the long return to normality, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health 14 (May 2020).
Kerala Class X girl ends life allegedly over lack of access to online classes, https://tinyurl.com/3mauvmka .
Tripura man ends life after failing to buy smartphone for daughter’s online classes, https://tinyurl.com/98akye59 .
A. Mahapatra and P. Sharma, Education in times of COVID-19 pandemic: Academic stress and its psychosocial impact on children and adolescents in india, International Journal of Social Psychiatry 67 397–399 (September 2020).
How's Life? 2020 (OECD, March 2020).
Y. Liu, The longitudinal relationship between chinese high school students' academic stress and academic motivation, Learning and Individual Differences 38 123–126 (February 2015).
K. V. Sridevi, A Study of Relationship among General Anxiety, Test Anxiety and Academic Achievement of Higher Secondary Students, Journal of Education and Practice 4 122–130 (2013).
P. K. Jena, Impact of COVID-19 on Higher Education in India, International Journal of Advanced Education and Research (IJAER 5(ue-3) p. 77–81 (2020).
T. Bera, M. Gore and J. Oak, Recovery from stress in two different postures and in shavasana - a yogic relaxation posture, Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 42(4) p. 473–478 (1998).
S. B. S. Khalsa, L. Hickey-Schultz, D. Cohen, N. Steiner and S. Cope, Evaluation of the mental health benefits of yoga in a secondary school: A preliminary randomized controlled trial, The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 39 80–90 (June 2011).
B. Butzer, M. Ebert, S. Telles and S. Khalsa, School-based yoga programs in the united states: A survey, Advanced Mind Body Medicine Fall;29(4):18-26 (2015).
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2021 International journal of health sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJHS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJHS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJHS volumes 4 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.