An experimental study to assess the effectiveness of the kaleidoscope in reducing pain during the venipuncture procedure among hospitalized children at selected hospitals of Gurugram, Haryana
Keywords:
Kaleidoscope, Pain, Distraction, Venipuncture, Hospitalized Children, Non-Pharmacological Intervention, Wong-Baker FACES Pain ScaleAbstract
Background: Venipuncture is one of the most common invasive procedures in pediatric care, often causing considerable pain and anxiety. Distraction techniques, such as kaleidoscope use, are gaining recognition as effective, safe, and low-cost alternatives to pharmacological pain management. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of kaleidoscope distraction in reducing pain during venipuncture among hospitalized children. Methods: A quasi-experimental post-test only control group design was conducted in three hospitals in Gurugram, Haryana. A total of 64 children aged 5–8 years were selected using non-probability purposive sampling, with 32 in the experimental group (kaleidoscope distraction) and 32 in the control group (standard care). Pain was assessed using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. Results: The mean pain score in the experimental group was significantly lower (6.88 ± 1.51) compared to the control group (9.06 ± 1.13), indicating the effectiveness of the kaleidoscope in reducing venipuncture-related pain (p < 0.05). A significant association was found between age and pain level in the experimental group (p = 0.030). Conclusion: Kaleidoscope is an effective non-pharmacological intervention to reduce procedural pain in children. Its simplicity, affordability, and engagement potential make it a valuable addition to pediatric care.
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