Biomaterials in dentistry: Advances in tissue engineering for dental restoration

Reem Saleh Alonazi; Hissah Abdulkarim Alqubaysi; Noura Hamed Al-Mutairi

doi:10.53730/ijhs.v8nS1.15035

Authors

Reem Saleh Alonazi KSA, National Guard Health Affairs
Hissah Abdulkarim Alqubaysi KSA, National Guard Health Affairs
Noura Hamed Al-Mutairi KSA, National Guard Health Affairs

Keywords:

Biomaterials, Dental Implants, Drug Delivery Systems, Additive Manufacturing, Nanotechnology, Hydroxyapatite, Calcium Phosphate

Abstract

Background: In regenerative medicine, advances in biomaterials have significantly impacted various medical fields, including dentistry. The use of implants, both metallic and non-metallic, has raised concerns about bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, which can lead to complications such as peri-implantitis. Innovations in drug delivery systems and additive manufacturing technologies offer new solutions to these challenges. Methods: The review explores recent developments in biomaterials for dental restoration, focusing on drug-eluting implants, additive manufacturing, nanotechnology, and biocompatible coatings. The study evaluates the effectiveness of various drug delivery systems, including hydrogels, nanoparticles, and polymers, and discusses advancements in 3D printing and surface coatings. Results: Additive manufacturing technologies, such as 3D printing, have enabled the creation of precise models and drug delivery systems. Nanotechnology has introduced new materials with improved antimicrobial properties and targeted drug delivery capabilities. Innovations in coatings, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and calcium phosphate, have enhanced osseointegration and reduced infection risks. Additionally, nanomaterials like gold and silver nanoparticles have shown promise in improving implant functionality and reducing bacterial colonization. Conclusion: Advances in biomaterials and manufacturing technologies have significantly improved the effectiveness and safety of dental implants.

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